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Urinary tract infections in children

In this Review, the authors describe and discuss the unique challenges of paediatric urinary tract infections including diagnosis, prevention and management, potential for adverse sequelae and key knowledge gaps.

Preeti P. John
Laura Mike
Brian Becknell
Reviews26 Feb 2026
Nature Reviews Urology

P: 1-15
Zika virus NS1 drives tunneling nanotube formation for mitochondrial transfer and stealth transmission in trophoblasts

Michita et al. show that Zika virus (ZIKV) NS1 induces tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) in placental cells, which facilitate viral spread and transport of mitochondria in placental cells. Infection with a NS1 mutant ZIKV not inducing TNTs results in a higher interferon response than wild-type ZIKV infection.

Rafael T. Michita
Long B. Tran
Anoop Narayanan
ResearchOpen Access20 Feb 2025
Nature Communications

Volume: 16, P: 1-19
Author Correction: Human antibodies to the dengue virus E-dimer epitope have therapeutic activity against Zika virus infection

Estefania Fernandez
Wanwisa Dejnirattisai
Michael S Diamond
Amendments and Corrections30 Jan 2020
Nature Immunology

Volume: 21, P: 354
The maternal gut microbiome in pregnancy: implications for the developing immune system

This Review discusses how the maternal gut microbiome in pregnancy influences the developing immune system and proposes avenues for future research.

Omry Koren
Liza Konnikova
Maria Carmen Collado
Reviews14 Dec 2023
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Volume: 21, P: 35-45
Human antibodies to the dengue virus E-dimer epitope have therapeutic activity against Zika virus infection

Diamond, Screaton and colleagues show that certain cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies to dengue virus have therapeutic activity against Zika virus infection in immune-privileged sites in vivo.

Estefania Fernandez
Wanwisa Dejnirattisai
Michael S Diamond
Research25 Sept 2017
Nature Immunology

Volume: 18, P: 1261-1269
Hedgehog/Wnt feedback supports regenerative proliferation of epithelial stem cells in bladder

The maintenance and regeneration of the epithelium of the adult bladder is poorly understood yet it is a clinically relevant process during urinary tract infections and bladder cancer. This study provides insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the regenerative response to injury within the mammalian urinary bladder. Upon injury by bacterial infection or chemical agents, a Shh and Wnt signalling feedback circuit between basal cells of the urothelium and the stromal cells that underlie them leads to regenerative proliferation of the bladder epithelia.

Kunyoo Shin
John Lee
Philip A. Beachy
Research09 Mar 2011
Nature

Volume: 472, P: 110-114
Neutralizing human antibodies prevent Zika virus replication and fetal disease in mice

Monoclonal Zika-virus-neutralizing human antibodies can protect against maternal–fetal transmission, infection and disease.

Gopal Sapparapu
Estefania Fernandez
James E. Crowe
Research07 Nov 2016
Nature

Volume: 540, P: 443-447
Single cell and tissue-transcriptomic analysis of murine bladders reveals age- and TNFα-dependent but microbiota-independent tertiary lymphoid tissue formation

Marianne M. Ligon
Caihong Wang
Indira U. Mysorekar
Research04 May 2020
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 13, P: 908-918
Microbial communities in placentas from term normal pregnancy exhibit spatially variable profiles

Lindsay A. Parnell
Catherine M. Briggs
Indira U. Mysorekar
ResearchOpen Access11 Sept 2017
Scientific Reports

Volume: 7, P: 1-11
A broad-spectrum antibiotic, DCAP, reduces uropathogenic Escherichia coli infection and enhances vorinostat anticancer activity by modulating autophagy

Giulia Allavena
Doriana Debellis
Benedetto Grimaldi
ResearchOpen Access13 Jul 2018
Cell Death & Disease

Volume: 9, P: 1-13
Timing is everything: impact of development, ageing and circadian rhythm on macrophage functions in urinary tract infections

Alison S. Wang
Nicholas J. Steers
Indira U. Mysorekar
Reviews29 Aug 2022
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 15, P: 1114-1126
ATG16L1 deficiency in macrophages drives clearance of uropathogenic E. coli in an IL-1β-dependent manner

J W Symington
C Wang
I U Mysorekar
Research11 Feb 2015
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 8, P: 1388-1399

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Urinary tract infections in children

Zika virus NS1 drives tunneling nanotube formation for mitochondrial transfer and stealth transmission in trophoblasts

Author Correction: Human antibodies to the dengue virus E-dimer epitope have therapeutic activity against Zika virus infection

The maternal gut microbiome in pregnancy: implications for the developing immune system

Human antibodies to the dengue virus E-dimer epitope have therapeutic activity against Zika virus infection

Hedgehog/Wnt feedback supports regenerative proliferation of epithelial stem cells in bladder

Neutralizing human antibodies prevent Zika virus replication and fetal disease in mice

Single cell and tissue-transcriptomic analysis of murine bladders reveals age- and TNFα-dependent but microbiota-independent tertiary lymphoid tissue formation

Microbial communities in placentas from term normal pregnancy exhibit spatially variable profiles

A broad-spectrum antibiotic, DCAP, reduces uropathogenic Escherichia coli infection and enhances vorinostat anticancer activity by modulating autophagy

Timing is everything: impact of development, ageing and circadian rhythm on macrophage functions in urinary tract infections

ATG16L1 deficiency in macrophages drives clearance of uropathogenic E. coli in an IL-1β-dependent manner

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