Anti-TNF antibodies have acquired a prominent place in the management of IBD. However, with increasing use of these agents, paradoxical adverse effects involving the skin, joints and lungs have been reported. The authors review the paradoxical inflammation induced by anti-TNF agents in patients with IBD, provide hypotheses for the occurrence of this paradoxical inflammation and give practical advice on how to manage these patients.
- Isabelle Cleynen
- Séverine Vermeire