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Although samarium-mediated cyclizations have the potential to generate significant molecular complexity, historically it has not proven possible to exert enantiocontrol through the use of a chiral ligand in complex product synthesis. Now, an enantioselective SmI₂-mediated radical cyclization has been developed using a chiral aminodiol ligand. Desymmetrizing 5-exo ketyl-alkene cyclizations and cyclization cascades of unsaturated ketoesters deliver complex products and typically proceed with high enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider reports a search for charged-lepton-flavour violation in decays of Z bosons into a τ lepton and an electron or muon of opposite charge.

The conditions under which networks of neurons exhibit critical dynamics remains unclear. Here, the authors investigate how simple neural cultures reorganize activity when embodied in a gameplay environment and find that network wide neural criticality arises in nuanced ways.

Here, Johnson et al show that bacterial pneumonia induces an interaction between the ubiquitin E3 ligase subunit FBX024 and the mitochondrial protein DARS2 to modulate host immune responses.

How injured mitochondria are targeted for autophagic degradation is not well understood. Chu and colleagues find that pro-mitophagy stimuli induce externalization of cardiolipin to the outer mitochondrial membrane of neuronal cells, and find that this is required for binding of the autophagy protein LC3 to mitochondria and mitophagy.

The measurement of the total cross-section of proton–proton collisions is of fundamental importance for particle physics. Here, the first measurement of the inelastic cross-section is presented for proton–proton collisions at an energy of 7 teraelectronvolts using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

Quantum electrodynamics predicts a rare process in which light is scattered by light. The ATLAS Collaboration reports signs of this elusive effect in the collisions of ultra-relativistic lead ions.

Ten years after the discovery of the Higgs boson, the ATLAS  experiment at CERN probes its kinematic properties with a significantly larger dataset from 2015–2018 and provides further insights on its interaction with other known particles.

Gasdermin D Cys191 is S-palmitoylated, and palmitoylation is required for pore formation.

Microglia can clear amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease. Here, the authors show that specific isoforms of the phospholipid forming APOE lipoproteins activate microglia in pre-clinical mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease.

Ca²⁺-independent phospholipase A₂β cleaves an oxidized form of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) involved in ferroptosis such that increases in PE sensitize cells to ferroptosis. A mutant allele of the enzyme links neurodegeneration and ferroptosis.

This study reports training by lipopolysaccharide to expand neutrophils expressing the anti-bacterial galectin-3 protein defending mice from a lethal bacterial infection, a similar signature associated with survivors of respiratory failure in humans.

A γδ T cell–IL-3 signalling axis is defined that controls the allergen responsiveness of cutaneous sensory neurons, leading to evidence for an immune rheostat that governs sensory neuronal responses to allergens on first exposure.

This work reveals a mechanism of cGAS- and STING-dependent type I IFN induction in response to biofilm-associated Candida albicans DNA packaged in extracellular vesicles.

Pathological α-synuclein (α-Syn) spreading is critical for the progression of many neurodegenerative diseases. The authors demonstrate that soluble α-Syn post-translational modifications (PTMs) dramatically modulate pathological α-synuclein spreading.

The detection of cell wall components has a critical role in the recognition of bacteria and the initiation of host defence. In this Review, Kieser and Kagan discuss common themes associated with the detection of individual bacterial products by diverse receptors of the innate immune system.

Ciro Romano, Jack I. Mansell, and David J. Procter have explored the versatility and selectivity of samarium diiodide, and its use as a radical relay catalyst.

Environmental law is shaped by litigation outcomes as much as by legislation. This study examines nearly 30,000 civil suits and court decisions over 34 years to help reveal their influence on the legal and environmental landscapes of the United States.

Unravelling the formation of binary nanocrystal phases is challenging. Here, by combining in situ small-angle X-ray scattering and molecular dynamics simulations, we show that AlB₂ and NaZn₁₃ superlattices undergo classical homogeneous nucleation consistent with the presence of short-range attractive interactions guiding the crystallization process.

Caspase-7 cleaves and activates acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), which promotes the repair of gasdermin pores and thereby delays pore-driven lysis to allow other processes such as extrusion or apoptosis to occur before cell death.

Because large earthquakes release huge amounts of energy, many researchers have thought that there ought to be some precursory phenomena that could be consistently observed and identified, and used as the basis for making reliable and accurate predictions. Over the past 100 years, and particularly since 1960, great efforts, all unsuccessful, have been made to find such hypothetical precursors. For further details see my review¹, which includes eight pages of references (in 6-point type, to save space) to this vast body of work.

Supernovae are thought to arise through one of two processes. Type Ib/c and type II supernovae are produced when the cores of massive, short-lived stars undergo gravitational core collapse and eject a few solar masses. Type Ia supernovae are thought to form by the thermonuclear detonation of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf. Here a faint type Ib supernova, SN 2005E, is reported that seems not to have had a core-collapse origin, but perhaps arose from a low-mass, old progenitor, probably a helium-accreting white dwarf in a binary.

Wyss's letter in week 5 of this debate claims that I made a 'significant error' in my week 3 article. I explain here why this claim should not be accepted, placing my rebuttal in a more general context.

Two crystalline nanocrystals with superparamagnetic and plasmonic properties form mechanically strong hybrid nanorods with dual functionality.

FINO₂ is a small molecule that requires the endoperoxide moiety and hydroxyl group to promote ferroptosis through indirect inhibition of GPX4 enzymatic function and direct oxidation of iron, resulting in increased lipid peroxidation.

Mutations in ATP8b1 are found in certain individuals susceptible to pneumonia. Ray et al. now report that bacterial pneumonia is associated with elevated levels of the phospholipid cardiolipin in airway fluids, that ATP8b1 is a cardiolipin importer and that excessive cardiolipin in the lung contributes to impaired lung function. The findings suggest that ATP8b1 might be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of pneumonia.