Search

The EWSR1::FLI1 fusion protein is the oncogenic driver of Ewing sarcoma (EwS). Here, the authors find that EWSR1::FLI1 plays a non-canonical role in mRNA decay via interactions with the CCR4-NOT deadenylation complex and the RNA-binding protein HuR. This role uncovers a new therapeutic vulnerability of EwS to HuR inhibition.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias identifies new loci and enables generation of a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.

Large genome-wide meta-analysis of clinically diagnosed late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) from 94,437 individuals identifies new LOAD risk loci and implicates Aβ formation, tau protein binding, immune response and lipid metabolism.

Immunotherapy is transforming cancer treatment, with immune cell distribution in the tumour microenvironment key to predicting outcomes. Here, authors provide a robust framework to analyse spatial patterns, distinguishing true immune associations from random accumulations, offering insights into immunotherapy responses.

Together with a companion paper, the generation of a transcriptomic atlas for the mouse lemur and analyses of example cell types establish this animal as a molecularly tractable primate model organism.

Together with an accompanying paper presenting a transcriptomic atlas of the mouse lemur, interrogation of the atlas provides a rich body of data to support the use of the organism as a model for primate biology and health.

Schliffka et al. show that in the early mouse embryo, hemispherical intrusions, or inverse blebs, grow into cells at cell–cell adhesion sites in response to luminal fluid accumulation and pressure build-up, and may serve as pumps moving fluid into hydraulic sinks.

Phagocytosed bacteria can serve as an alternative nutrient source for macrophages, influencing their metabolic and immune responses through the recycling of microbial components, with the process regulated by nutrient-sensing mechanisms and bacterial viability.

The association that the mycobiome has with gastrointestinal health and disease is gradually being revealed using state-of-the-art sequencing technologies. This Review presents the latest research on the interaction between fungi, bacteria and the host in relation to gastrointestinal disease, in particular IBD and graft-versus-host disease. The authors point out that further research is needed in this developing area of science and highlight areas of future endeavour.

Bosonic qubits can be engineered to feature intrinsic protection against certain kinds of errors, which makes quantum error correction across many bosonic qubits possible with less overhead.

Genome-wide analyses identify common variants associated with 11 distinct neuropathology endophenotypes, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying the genetic risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias.

Analyses reveal a previously undescribed transmembrane protein fold in the endoplasmic reticulum-based glucosyltransferase ALG6 and provide a structural basis for understanding the glucose transfer mechanism.

The reasons why malaria manifests with a variety of well-recognized clinical phenotypes remain poorly understood. Here, using distinct rodent models, the authors reveal that the microbiota colonizing the lung promotes respiratory distress syndrome and mortality during malaria infections.

Genes encoding protein complex subunits are often dispersed in the genome of eukaryotes, raising the question how these protein complexes assemble. Here, the authors provide evidence that mammalian nuclear transcription complexes are formed co-translationally to ensure specific and functional interactions.

Time-series observations from the JWST of the transiting exoplanet WASP-39b show gaseous water in the planet’s atmosphere and place an upper limit on the abundance of methane.

The medium-resolution transmission spectrum of the exoplanet WASP-39b, described using observations from the Near Infrared Spectrograph G395H grating aboard JWST, shows significant absorption from CO₂ and H₂O and detection of SO₂.

The transmission spectrum of the exoplanet WASP-39b is obtained using observations from the Single-Object Slitless Spectroscopy mode of the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph instrument aboard the JWST.

Observations from the JWST MIRI/LRS show the detection of SO₂ spectral features in the 5–12-μm transmission spectrum of the hot, Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b, suggesting that photochemistry is a key process in high-temperature exoplanet atmospheres.

Analysing gut microbial time series from wild baboons, the authors show that microbiome dynamics are rarely synchronized across hosts in shared environments but are highly individualized even within the same social groups.

CTLA-4 is critical for balancing protective immunity with self-tolerance. Here the authors identify homozygous DEF6 mutations in patients with severe autoimmunity, one of which received and responds to CTLA-4-Ig, and show that DEF6 is crucial for CTLA-4 cell surface trafficking and immune regulatory function.

Genomic and clinical analysis of 916 bacterial isolates from neonates with sepsis in seven low- and middle-income countries (the BARNARDS study) reveals that the main species present were antimicrobial-resistant Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter.

Sven van der Lee, Julie Williams, Gerard Schellenberg and colleagues identify rare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3 and TREM2 associated with Alzheimer's disease. These genes are highly expressed in microglia and provide additional evidence that the microglia-mediated immune response contributes to the development of Alzheimer's disease.

Observations from the JWST show the presence of a spectral absorption feature at 4.05 μm arising from SO₂ in the atmosphere of the gas giant exoplanet WASP-39b, which is produced by photochemical processes and verified by numerical models.

Tryptophan C-mannosyltransferase (CMT) enzymes append a mannose to the first tryptophan of select sequences, which is important for the trafficking, folding and function of secretory and transmembrane proteins involved in cellular communication processes. A study reveals the structure, mode of peptide recognition and catalytic mechanism for the eukaryotic C-mannosyltransferase DPY19.

The MAGIC investigators report results of a large genome-wide association study meta-analysis to identify common variants influencing fasting glucose homeostasis. They further show that several of the newly discovered loci influencing glycemic traits are also associated with risk of type 2 diabetes.

Cataloging microbial genomes from Earth’s environments expands the known phylogenetic diversity of bacteria and archaea.

The ability of HIV to alternate between acute and latent forms is thought to rely on a transcriptional feedback loop where polymerase pausing is released by the viral protein Tat. Here, the authors show that viral genome transcription can occur in a burst-like stochastic manner in the absence of Tat.

Endocrinologists have traditionally focused on studying one hormone or organ system at a time. Here the authors use transcriptomic data from the mouse lemur to globally characterize primate hormonal signaling, describing hormone sources and targets, identifying conserved and primate specific regulation, and elucidating principles of the network.

Immune responses to influenza vaccination are affected by previous mild COVID-19 in a sex-dimorphic manner.

Much effort has recently been devoted to understanding the genomics of breast cancer. In this study, the authors integrate somatic mutation data with previously published copy number aberration and gene expression information for nearly 2,500 breast cancer samples.

APOE is the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. In a large number of neuropathologically confirmed cases and controls, the impact of different APOE genotypes on Alzheimer’s dementia risk was greater than previously thought and APOE2 homozygotes had an exceptionally low risk.

An adversarial domain translation framework is presented for scalable integration of single-cell atlases across samples, technical platforms, data modalities and species.

Transmission spectroscopy observations from the James Webb Space Telescope show the detection of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of the gas giant exoplanet WASP-39b.

The therapeutic use of single-chain antibodies (VHHs) is limited by their short half-life in the circulation. Here the authors engineer mouse and human red blood cells to express VHHs against botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) on their surface and show that an infusion of these cells into mice confers long lasting protection against a high dose of BoNT/A.

The HPN-DREAM community challenge assessed the ability of computational methods to infer causal molecular networks, focusing specifically on the task of inferring causal protein signaling networks in cancer cell lines.

This work reports a quantitative investigation of the interaction parameter and miscibility of donor and acceptor organic molecules and their relationship with the fill factor and photovoltaic performance of bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells.