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The function of proteins is often regulated by their phosphorylation at specific amino-acid residues. The authors of this article have catalogued phosphoproteins and their phosphorylation sites in 14 rat organs and tissues, and provide these data as a resource for researchers.

A newly discovered negative allosteric modulator of the µ-opioid receptor works together with naloxone to potently block opioid agonist signalling with reduced adverse effects.

The tidal disruption event AT2019dsg is probably associated with a high-energy neutrino, suggesting that such events can contribute to the cosmic neutrino flux. The electromagnetic emission is explained in terms of a central engine, a photosphere and an extended synchrotron-emitting outflow.

Klunk and colleagues identify signatures of natural selection imposed by Yersinia pestis and demonstrate their effect on genetic diversity and susceptibility to certain diseases in the present day.

The enamel proteome from a 1.9-million-year-old Gigantopithecus tooth shows that the Gigantopithecus and Pongo (orangutan) lineages diverged 12–10 million years ago.

Evidence for the presence of Homo during the Middle Pleistocene is limited in continental Southeast Asia. Here, the authors report a hominin molar from Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra Cave), dated to 164–131 kyr. They use morphological and paleoproteomic analysis to show that it likely belonged to a female Denisovan.

Filamentous cable bacteria conduct electrical currents over centimeter distances through fibers embedded in their cell envelope. Here, Boschker et al. show that the fibers consist of a conductive core containing nickel proteins that is surrounded by an insulating protein shell.

Pure hydrocarbons with properties that can be switched by external stimuli are interesting for the design and development of new responsive materials. Here, the authors develop an oligomeric [8]annulene-based material that combines topological switching upon redox changes with structural simplicity, stability, and straightforward synthesis.

Observations of optical flares from AT2022tsd (the ‘Tasmanian Devil’) show that they have durations on the timescale of minutes, occur over a period of months, are highly energetic, are probably nonthermal and have supernova luminosities.

Cryo-EM structures of the yeast P4-ATPase Drs2p–Cdc50p in three different states of activation provide insights into the function of this lipid flippase, including mechanisms of autoinhibition and PI4P-dependent activation.

The hepatopancreatic ductal (HPD) system connects both liver and pancreas to the intestine but the molecular details of HPD development are unclear. Here, the authors describe how regionalised Eph/Ephrin signaling regulates HPD morphogenesis by promoting cellular rearrangements leading to an open tube.

A type Ia supernova shows the presence of helium-rich circumstellar material, as demonstrated by its spectral features, infrared emission and a radio counterpart, that probably originates from a single-degenerate system in which a white dwarf accretes material from a helium donor star.

SN 2022qmx, dubbed SN Zwicky, is a rare, gravitationally lensed type Ia supernova, magnified by a factor of 25, discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility. Follow-up Keck observations reveal four multiple images with unusually small separation.

The detailed interactions of membrane proteins with their lipid environment are poorly understood. Sonntaget al. use low-resolution X-ray crystallographic data and molecular dynamics simulations to study the manner in which the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺–ATPase adapts to different membrane environments.

A series of early-time, multiwavelength observations of an optical transient, AT2022cmc, indicate that it is a relativistic jet from a tidal disruption event originating from a supermassive black hole.

Here, the authors investigate the interactions between Fermi polarons in monolayer WS₂ by multi-dimensional coherent spectroscopy, and find that, at low electron doping densities, the dominant interactions are between polaron states that are dressed by the same Fermi sea. They also observe a bipolaron bound state with large binding energy, involving excitons in different valleys cooperatively bound to the same electron.

One of two papers in this issue that identifies enzymes capable of demethylating a tri-methyl group from Lys 9 of histone H3 — a mark required for the establishment of heterochromatin and previously considered to be stable. GASC1, a member of the JMJD2 enzyme family, can disrupt heterochromatin structure when overexpressed and may contribute to tumour development.

GRB 060505 and GRB 060614 were not accompanied by supernova emission down to limits hundreds of times fainter than the archetypal SN 1998bw that accompanied GRB 980425, and fainter than any type Ic supernova ever observed.

The North Water polynya is a unique but vulnerable ecosystem, home to Indigenous people and Arctic keystone species. New palaeoecological records from Greenland suggest human abandonment c. 2200–1200 cal yrs BP occurred during climate-forced polynya instability, foreshadowing future ecosystem declines.

Biologics are delivered by a pill that pricks the stomach wall.

Generalized phase contrast and temporal focusing are combined to shape two-photon excitation patterns that elicit large photocurrents in ChR2-expressing neurons in culture and slices. This method allows precise aiming of the stimulating light at single neuronal processes, neurons or groups of neurons and can elicit simultaneous excitation of multiple cells using optogenetics.

Despite more than a decade of study, single-wall carbon nanotubes still have the ability to surprise. One recent study finds that in ultraclean nanotubes an unexpectedly strong spin–orbit coupling arises; another demonstrates their ability to support one-dimensional Wigner crystals.

The outlet glaciers that comprise the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS) have experienced accelerated retreat in recent years, yet their longterm stability remains unclear. Here, via cosmogenic surface exposure and radiocarbon ages, the authors investigate the stability of the NEGIS for the past 45 kyr.

Transcriptional and epigenomic profiling of osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation shows that adipogenesis is driven by de novo activation of enhancers, whereas osteogenesis involves preestablished enhancers and depends on the activation of pro-osteogenic and antiadipogenic transcription factors.

High-throughput chromosome conformation enhancer capture identifies dynamic enhancer networks that regulate differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Transcription factors (TFs) at baited enhancers appear to stabilize TF binding at target enhancers.

A single-source multimodal nonlinear optical imaging system has been developed to probe different endogenous biomolecules. Rapid, stain-free imaging of fresh tissue specimens is possible with short turnaround times for disease diagnosis.

The contribution of surface processes to the long-term evolution of plateau surfaces on high-latitude passive margins is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that recent glacial erosion on plateaus in western Scandinavia was widespread and may have contributed substantially to the sediment flux to the oceans.

Fanconi anaemia is an inherited disorder characterised by developmental abnormalities, bone marrow failure and predisposition to cancer. Here the authors report a de novo mutation in the DNA repair gene Rad51in an atypical subtype of Fanconi anaemia.

Conjugation of DNA to proteins often involves a choice between either expressing recombinant proteins with a specific handle, or labelling wild-type proteins with low site-selectivity. Now preorganization of a DNA–ligand complex to a metal-binding site enables site-selective conjugation of a DNA strand to lysine residues of wild-type proteins and antibodies.

Christina Warinner and colleagues report a high-resolution characterization of the oral microbiome isolated from the dental tissues of adult skeletons dating to 1100 CE and showing evidence of periodontal disease. They show the long-term carriage of a diverse range of opportunistic pathogens in the oral cavity and reconstruct the genome of the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia.

A detailed parcellation (map) of the human cerebral cortex has been obtained by integrating multi-modal imaging data, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and the resulting freely available resources will enable detailed comparative studies of the human brain in health, ageing and disease.

Microfluidic systems have great potential to perform complex chemical and biological processing and analysis on a single disposable chip. That goal is now a step closer with the demonstration of an efficient all-optical particle sorter.

Defining and revising best practices for accurate measurements and data reliability and quality checks is a continuous effort for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Here, the authors discuss the systematic discrepancy between the short circuit current and integrated quantum efficiency.

Making large datasets findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable could accelerate technology development. Now, Jacobsson et al. present an approach to build an open-access database and analysis tool for perovskite solar cells.

In this study the authors examine the allelic imbalance (AI) landscape of colorectal cancer, reporting loss of TP53 as a driver of AI. They use CRISPR-Cas9 screens to identify 79 genes (within AI regions) regulating cell growth and identify a network of transcription factors that may contribute to colorectal tumorigenesis.

The Tousled-like kinase (TLKs) family belongs to a distinct branch of Ser/Thr kinases that exhibit the highest levels of activity during DNA replication. Here the authors present the crystal structure of the kinase domain from human TLK2 and propose an activation model for TLK2 based on biochemical and phosphoproteomics experiments.

Common genetic variants in structural proteins contribute to risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Here, using whole-exome sequencing, the authors identify rare truncating variants in TTN that associate with familial and early-onset AF and show defects in cardiac sarcomere assembly in ttn.2-mutant zebrafish.

Resistance to first line treatment is a major hurdle in cancer treatment, that can be overcome with drug combinations. Here, the authors provide a large drug combination screen across cancer cell lines to benchmark crowdsourced methods and to computationally predict drug synergies.

Rebecca Fitzgerald and colleagues used genome sequence analyses to study the progression from premalignant Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and found that the majority of recurrently mutated genes in EAC were also mutated in precursor lesions and that only mutations in TP53 and SMAD4 were stage specific.