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Reaching fundamental noise limits permits optimal extraction of spectroscopic information from an absorption measurement. Here, the authors demonstrate a quantum-limited spectrometer with which they can obtain an extremely accurate measurement of the excited-state hyperfine splitting in Cs.

Small interfering RNA is degraded by plasma and can’t cross the cell membrane due to its negative charge. Here, the authors present an influenza inspired polymer carrier, capable of local RNA delivery, which degrades to a non-toxic by-product, and is thus suitable for multiple doses.

A study reports whole-genome sequences for 490,640 participants from the UK Biobank and combines these data with phenotypic data to provide new insights into the relationship between human variation and sequence variation.

Mass spectrometry-based lipidomics and metabolomics generate large, complex datasets requiring effective analysis. Here, authors review key statistical and visualization methods alongside widely used R and Python tools, and provide a GitBook with step-by-step code for accessible, reproducible data analysis.

A computational model called Centaur, developed by fine-tuning a language model on a huge dataset called Psych-101, can predict and simulate human nature in experiments expressible in natural language, even in previously unseen situations.

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are well known breast cancer predisposition genes, however, many variants have not yet been classified for their pathogenicity. Here, the authors analyse a large combined cohort to provide evidence of variant pathogenicity.

Fewer than 100 wild Cat Ba langurs survive in Vietnam. Here, the authors use whole genome sequencing to demonstrate potential adaptations to saltwater consumption as well as maintenance of adaptive potential despite low levels of genetic diversity and high levels of inbreeding.

Here, the authors profile the EBV transcriptome during lytic replication and identify over 1,400 unique EBV transcript isoforms, resolving major isoforms of most lytic open reading frames, alternative and biphasic promoters and an enhancer function for the viral lytic origin of replication.

Bioluminescence imaging with enhanced sensitivity, resolution and dynamic range is enabled by a camera based on quanta image sensor technology in combination with a dedicated unconventional microscope design. The capabilities of the QIScope are demonstrated in live imaging of extracellular vesicles or low-abundance proteins.

Distinguishing local hydrological, cave internal, and regional monsoon signals in speleothem records resolves disagreements among proxy reconstructions and illuminates the Holocene evolution of summer and winter monsoon in Southeast Asia.

Acquired miR-142 deficit in leukemic stem cells has been associated with chronic myeloid leukemia blast crisis. Here the authors show that acquired miR-142 deficit in T cells further enables leukemic stem cells to escape immune surveillance and supports disease growth.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

Alterations in the tumour suppressor genes STK11 and/or KEAP1 can identify patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who are likely to benefit from combinations of PD-(L)1 and CTLA4 immune checkpoint inhibitors added to chemotherapy.

Allele-preferential transcription factor binding can influence pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma risk loci function. Here, the authors show allele-specific JunB and JunD binding at chr1p36.33 and propose a role for KLHL17 in protein homeostasis by mitigating inflammation.

Structure-function studies reveal that the plasma membrane rupture protein NINJ1 homodimerizes through its hydrophilic membrane-rupturing face, thereby rendering NINJ1 inactive in the resting state.

Malignant cells with mesenchymal features display increased chromatin accessibility, particularly in the pericentromeric and centromeric regions, in turn resulting in delayed mitosis and catastrophic cell division.

Hundreds of genetic loci associated with age at menopause, combined with experimental evidence in mice, highlight mechanisms of reproductive ageing across the lifespan.

Variability exists in classifying high-risk individuals across polygenic scores for complex diseases. Here the authors show that an integrative scoring approach improves high-risk classification consistency and overall performance toward more reliable clinical applications.

Nanoparticle biomolecular corona fingerprints vary with disease state. Here, the authors use integrated multi-omics to show that inflammatory disease dynamics alter corona formation, immune cell interactions, and activation profiles via TLR4 signalling, which could impact nanoparticle uses.

Fine-mapping of causal variants and integration of epigenetic and chromatin conformation data identify likely target genes for 150 breast cancer risk regions.

Understanding the chemistry of perovskite precursor solutions enables improved film optoelectronic properties, allowing the fabrication of multijunction solar cells achieving power conversion efficiencies beyond the radiative limit of single-junction cells.

Lysosomal storage diseases like mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) cause pathology before birth and result in early morbidity and mortality. Here, the authors show that in utero base editing mediates multi-organ phenotypic and survival benefits in a mouse model recapitulating a common human MPSI mutation.

A multi-ancestry genetic meta-analysis identifies 12 new loci associated with preeclampsia and gestational hypertension and proposes the integration of polygenic scores and clinical factors for disease prediction

Using single-cell DNA sequencing after an error-prone mitosis in untransformed, diploid cell lines and organoids, chromosomes are shown to have different segregation error frequencies that result in non-random aneuploidy landscapes.

The second Global Amphibian Assessment finds that the status of amphibians is continuing to deteriorate globally, driven predominantly by climate change, disease and habitat loss.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

A cysteine-reactive degrader of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nonstructural protein 14 (nsp14) was identified, which mediates degradation through electrophile-induced global protein ubiquitylation, proteasome activation and the formation of stress granules and aggresomes.

Peptide-centric chimeric antigen receptors (PC-CARs) provide a platform to address the challenges involved in targeting intracellular oncoproteins, and PC-CARs based on the neuroblastoma-dependency gene PHOX2B induce elimination of aggressive tumors.

Single-cell B cell repertoire analysis identifies the expansion of a naive-derived population of antibody-secreting cells contributing to de novo autoreactivity in patients with severe COVID-19 and those with post-COVID symptoms.

John Perry and colleagues report the results of a large genome-wide association study meta-analysis to identify variants influencing age at natural menopause. They identify 54 independent signals and find enrichment near genes involved in delayed puberty and DNA damage response.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across different populations highlights new risk loci and provides a genetic risk score that can stratify prostate cancer risk across ancestries.

Quantitative time-resolved microscopy analysis of SHR and SCR dynamics in single cells of living Arabidopsis roots shows that these transcription factors coordinate formative and proliferative cell divisions early in the cell cycle.

Bhattacharjee and Schaeffer et al. map exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in 94 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), finding increased EBF practice and reduced subnational variation across the majority of LMICs from 2000 to 2018. However, only six LMICs will meet WHO’s target of ≥70% EBF by 2030 nationally, and only three will achieve this in all districts.

This study presents results from a SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance study at a university campus in which ~2,000 samples were sequenced over five months. The authors document the replacement of Delta with Omicron as the dominant variant, and describe clinical characteristics and transmission dynamics.

A DNA sequencing method with single-molecule fidelity detects mismatches and damage present in only one of the two DNA strands with patterns that are both similar and distinct compared to known mutation patterns.