HIV-1 replication requires proviral production of full-length transcripts. Geijtenbeek and colleagues show that early Tat-independent HIV-1 replication coopts innate receptor signaling by DC-SIGN and TLR8 to promote RNA polymerase II elongation complexes at long terminal repeats.
- Sonja I Gringhuis
- Michiel van der Vlist
- Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
