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Photonic Landau levels are demonstrated via a strain-induced pseudomagnetic field in a silicon photonic crystal slab.

SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell epitopes are found in both convalescent patients and virus-naive volunteers and are indicative of heterologous recognition shared with seasonal cold viruses.

An electrically driven on-chip light source of entangled photon pairs is developed by combining an InP gain section and Si₃N₄ microrings. A pair generation rate of 8,200 counts s⁻¹ and a coincidence-to-accidental ratio of more than 80 are achieved around the wavelength of 1,550 nm.

Genome-wide ancient DNA data from 225 individuals who lived in southeastern Europe between 12000 and 500 bc reveals that the region acted as a genetic crossroads before and after the arrival of farming.

Continuous spectral translation could allow expansion of the bandwidth available for communication without having to develop transceivers for the new bands. Here, the authors demonstrate this using AlGaAsOI nanowaveguides as spectral translators between the mature telecom C band and the 2-μm wavelength band.

Saur and colleagues perform a high-throughput combinatorial drug screen and identify a synergistic combination between nintedanib and trametinib that sensitizes mesenchymal PDAC to immune checkpoint blockade.

A reanalysis of Kepler and Hubble data with Bayesian inference and a photodynamical model shows that the two exomoon candidates around Kepler-1625 b and Kepler-1708 b have a substantially lower probability to be actual detections than previous analyses suggest.

Polymer brushes are often used to functionalise surfaces. Here, the authors report on the creation of high-density, regenerating hyaluronan brushes using hyaluronan synthase enzymes which can be patterned by photo-deactivation and demonstrate biocompatibility and resistance to biofilm formation.

Using lipid residues absorbed in potsherds, the ages of pottery from various archaeological sites are determined and validated using sites for which the dates are well known from other methods.

Future quantum computers need quantum memories that store arbitrary states for long periods, without incurring significant access latencies. Using high-order dynamical decoupling sequences, this work shows a practical scheme to suppress physical errors and guarantee high-fidelity storage for long times.

Insects use optical trick to get the blackest black out of dark pigments.

Cryo-scanning transmission electron tomography (CSTET) of unstained, fully hydrated vitrified biological specimens is shown to have advantages over cryo-electron tomography (CET), notably at high sample tilts providing greater depth resolution for thick samples.

A programmable quantum processor based on encoded logical qubits operating with up to 280 physical qubits is described, in which improvement of algorithmic performance using a variety of error-correction codes is enabled.

The photodissociation dynamics of small molecules in the vacuum ultraviolet range can have key implications for astrochemical modelling, but revealing such dynamical details is a challenging task. Here the authors, combining high resolution experimental techniques, provide a detailed description of the fragmentation dynamics of selected rotational levels of a predissociated Rydberg state of H₂S.

Frequency mixers are hard to achieve at optical frequencies because it is difficult to meet different phase-matching conditions. Here, the authors show that GaAs metasurfaces can mix laser beams to generate eleven new wavelengths through different nonlinear optical processes occurring simultaneously.

Sulfur is abundant in the Universe, but the observed abundance ratio of SH to H₂S doesn’t agree with astrochemical models. The authors measure product state-resolved translational energy spectra of photoproducts in a jet-cooled H₂S beam as a function of wavelength, showing that SH yield is lower than assumed in the models.

The glass transition temperature (Tg) is a key property that dictates the applicability of conjugated polymers. Here the authors use one adjustable parameter to build a relationship between the Tg and the molecular structure of semiflexible polymers that differ in aromatic backbone and alkyl side chain chemistry.

Solution printing is a desirable route for manufacturing organic solar cells, whilst the major challenge lies with morphology control. Here, Diao et al.use a microstructured blade to guide the solution flow during printing, which improves polymer crystallization and the resulting device performance.

Nonlinear optical processing devices are not yet fully practical as they are single channel. Here the authors demonstrate all-optical regeneration of up to 16 channels by one device, employing a group-delay-managed nonlinear medium where strong self-phase modulation is achieved without nonlinear inter-channel crosstalk.

An imaging strategy based on telecommunications technology dramatically accelerates fluorescence microscopy.

Richard Trembath, Peter Donnelly and colleagues report a genome-wide association study identifying six new psoriasis susceptibility loci. They also identify a statistical interaction between HLA-C and ERAP1 in psoriasis susceptibility.

This resource presents a high-resolution diffusion MRI dataset of a chimpanzee brain, which should be useful for evolutionary studies of primate brain evolution.

Ultrafast relativistic plasma instabilities accompany and influence laser matter interactions that accelerate particlebeams with potential applications in e.g radiotherapy or fussion fast ignition scenarios. Here, the authors use Small Angle X-ray Scattering to observe such instabilities on a femtosecond, tens of nanometer scale in solids, and draw conclusions on the underlying plasma dynamics.

Direct measurement of the electric field of light in the near-infrared is experimentally demonstrated, showing that careful optical filtering allows the time-resolved detection of electric field oscillations with half-cycle durations as short as 2.1 fs, even with a 5 fs sampling pulse.

Nuclear spins in gallium arsenide produce noise at discrete frequencies, which can be notch-filtered efficiently to extend coherence times of electron spin qubits to nearly 1 ms.

Francesco Cucca and colleagues perform a genome-wide association study for multiple sclerosis in Sardinians. The authors identify variants within CBLB that are associated with MS.

The pulsation spectra of intermediate-mass stars (so-called δ Scuti stars) have been challenging to analyse, but new observations of 60 such stars reveal remarkably regular sequences of high-frequency pulsation modes.

Controlling complex properties of optical systems, like the output of nonlinear light sources, is increasingly important for applications. Here, Wetzel et al. use an actively-controlled photonic chip to prepare patterns of femtosecond laser pulses used for tailoring supercontinuum generation.

Engineering E. coli for metabolization of methanol to produce fuels and chemicals has not been fully achieved. Here, the authors combine metabolic engineering and chemical inhibition to improve methanol assimilation and distinguish the role of kinetics and thermodynamics under various culture conditions.

This Review discusses the evolutionary origin of Wnt signalling, its ancestral function and the characteristics of the primal Wnt ligand. It emphasizes the importance of genomic studies in pre-metazoan and basal metazoan species to understanding the evolutionary origin of signalling pathways.

Control of qubits’ frequency response by dynamical decoupling is usually vexed by control’s out-of-band harmonics, a problem known in metrology as “spectral leakage”. Here, the authors reduce this problem by orders of magnitude exploiting discrete prolate spheroidal sequences to control a trapped-ion qubit.