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Cytokinesis progression depends on the precise regulation of phosphoinositide synthesis. Here, the authors show that septin-associated PIPKIγ isoforms control late midbody organization by local PI(4,5)P2 synthesis at the ingressed cleavage furrow.

In recent years, significant progress has been made towards putting information theory on the footing of quantum mechanics. Researchers have now shown how optical fibres with zero quantum capacity can be super-activated to allow for perfect quantum communication.

Time-resolved cryo-electron microscopy of the μ-opioid receptor bound to various ligands enables a detailed look at the mechanisms that underlie GTP-induced activation of G proteins, and how different ligands affect activation kinetics.

Streamlined workflows for DNA and RNA sequencing are helping clinicians to deliver prompt, targeted care to people in days — or even hours.

The distinct architecture of the Escherichia coli membrane transporter LetA mediates lipid trafficking across the bacterial envelope in partnership with the tunnel-like complex LetB.

How chemotherapeutic nucleoside 6-thio-2’-deoxyguanosine (6-thiodG) targets telomerase to inhibit telomere maintenance in cancer cells and tumors was unclear. Here, the authors show that telomere length and telomerase status determine 6-thio-dG sensitivity and uncover the molecular mechanism by which 6-thio-dG selectively inhibits telomerase synthesis of telomeric DNA.

Battery electrode binders are hard to image but strongly affect battery performance. Here, authors use silver and bromine staining to reveal common cellulose- and rubber-based binders in graphite and Si negative electrodes and identify processing that reduces electrode resistance.

Paravalvular aortic regurgitation (PAR) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement is common and independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The determinants of PAR are uncertain, but new data extend our understanding, and a simple practice change in preprocedural imaging could help dramatically to reduce the incidence of this important complication.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

JWST imaged three of the gas giants orbiting the star HR 8799 to study their atmospheres. The uniform enrichment of heavy elements, including sulfur, indicates that they formed like Jupiter and Saturn by accreting a lot of icy and rocky solids.

This study presents a framework combining theory and super-resolution imaging to uncover how chromatin-lamina interactions reorganize the genome across diverse microenvironments and regulate cell identity through molecular mechanisms.

Application of multiancestry and ensemble-based approaches yields improved polygenic risk prediction models for breast cancer and its subtypes among women of African ancestry.

seqFISH+, an evolution of sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization with super-resolution imaging capabilities, is used to image mRNAs of 10,000 genes in cultured cells and mouse brain slices, demonstrating the ability to generate spatial atlases and to perform discovery-driven studies in situ.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

X-ray crystallography has become the most common way for structural biologists to obtain the three-dimensional structures of proteins and protein complexes. However, crystals of large macromolecular complexes often diffract only weakly (yielding a resolution worse than 4 Å), so new methods that work at such low resolution are needed. Here a new method is described by which to obtain higher-quality electron density maps and more accurate molecular models of weakly diffracting crystals.

A study of the super-enhancer landscape in three mouse T-helper lymphocyte subsets identifies nodes that have key roles in cell identity, with the locus encoding Bach2, a key negative regulator of effector differentiation, emerging as the most prominent T-cell super-enhancer.

A longitudinal thermal brightness map of the super-Earth exoplanet 55 Cancri e reveals strong day–night temperature contrast, indicating inefficient heat redistribution consistent with 55 Cancri e either being devoid of atmosphere or having an optically thick atmosphere with heat recirculation confined to the planetary dayside.

Nanoscopes capable of super-resolution offer scientists intricate views of a world beyond the limits of conventional microscopes — but not every technique fits all imaging needs.

Three planets orbit the Sun-like star ν² Lupi. CHEOPS data show that all of them are transiting and show remarkable diversity. In particular, dry and gas-poor inner planet b has experienced extensive atmospheric loss, while planets c and d are water rich and have a small gaseous envelope of primordial origin.

Chen et al. present EMRAge, a biological age measure built using electronic medical records, and OMICmAge, a multi-omic signal superimposed on DNA methylation. Both measures show strong associations with disease and mortality in validation cohorts.

Neville, Ferguson et al. show that non-canonical Polycomb repressive complex 1.1-mediated gene silencing is antagonized by DOT1L and is required for the therapeutic efficacy of Menin and DOT1L inhibitors in mixed-lineage leukaemia.

Genome-wide association studies incorporating data for populations of African ancestry provide an expanded view of the genetic basis of schizophrenia, which has previously been studied mainly in European and East Asian cohorts.

This study reports results from the second community-wide single-molecule localization microscopy software challenge, which tested over 30 software packages on realistic simulated data for multiple popular 3D image acquisition modes, as well as 2D localization microscopy.

Parathyroid glands are crucial for balancing blood calcium levels. Here, the authors generate comprehensive maps of the chromatin landscape of human parathyroids, linking identified regulatory elements to key functions in calcium homeostasis.

Defective neurotransmission is a hallmark of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Here, the authors show that local presynaptic Munc13-1synthesis is defective in SMA and that modification of the Munc13-1 mRNA rescues presynaptic architecture and excitability.

Complex clinical samples can be imaged with 25 nm resolution using a light-emitting-diode-based wide-field microscope.

The creation and application of engineered constructs specific for one of two IL-4 coreceptors explain how immune signaling is limited by coreceptor concentration and establish specific roles for type II receptor–specific signaling in dendritic cell differentiation.

Tendon degeneration alters nanoscale chromatin organization in tenocytes and impacts their mechano-epigenetic memory.

The transmission spectrum of the exoplanet WASP-39b is obtained using observations from the Single-Object Slitless Spectroscopy mode of the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph instrument aboard the JWST.

Serena Nik-Zainal and colleagues present a detailed analysis of somatic rearrangements in 560 breast cancers. They highlight 33 rearrangement hotspots characterized mainly by large tandem duplications and show that these hotspots are enriched in breast cancer germline susceptibility loci and breast-specific super-enhancer elements.

The relative contribution of lipid catabolism on fasting-induced longevity was unknown. Authors showed lifespan extension from fasting depend on silencing lipid catabolism upon nutrient replenishment through phosphorylation of NHR-49 by KIN-19.

Centromeres ensure chromosome segregation. Analyzed sister species with distinct centromere types show that kinetochore mutations, histone modifications, and centromeric DNA amplification underlie the process of mono- to holocentromere evolution.

Smc5/6 association with DNA junctions can support genomic functions. Here, the authors show that Smc5/6 junction polarity preferences, targeting, and dwell times are determined by its structural modules as well as the RPA and PCNA genomic factors.

A picometer-scale optical ruler is proposed based on precise location of a vanishingly small transverse optical phase singularity. This ruler is capable of measuring three-dimensional picometric displacements within optical interferometric systems.

Polygenic scores often underperform in non‑European ancestries. Here, the authors present GPTL, an R package with three transfer‑learning methods that improve cross‑ancestry PGS using either individual‑level data or GWAS summary statistics.

Spatial relationships between clustered proteins within synapses shape neurotransmission. Here, NMDA receptors are shown to align with only a subset of presynaptic release sites, suggesting a structural mechanism controls NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission.

Wang, Xiao and colleagues develop and validate organ-specific proteomic aging clocks across large population cohorts in the UK, the USA and China, which show strong performance in tracking organ aging and predicting the risk of morbidity and mortality.

Receptor-mediated signaling occurs at nanoscale. Understanding this requires nanopatterning and imaging techniques compatible at this scale. Rapid functionalization of Ti nanopatterns allows nanoscale visualization of early steps in cell signaling.