Search

Surgery is currently the only treatment option for cataract. Here, the authors report on ocular delivery of lipid nanoparticles-formulated mRNA encoding lanosterol synthase as a potential anti-cataract therapy, which ameliorates cataract development in two rat cataract models.

Combining a low-coherence source with silicon nitride ring resonators featuring normal group velocity dispersion enables electrically pumped, high-power microcombs, providing on-chip power up to 158 mW and high-coherence comb lines with linewidths as narrow as 200 kHz.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune condition leading to extreme muscle weakness due to autoantibodies targeting the neuromuscular junctions. Here authors assign a critical role for platelets in amplifying the pro-inflammatory response in AChR+ immunotherapy-naïve MG (nMG) patients and thus contributing to disease pathology.

Hexopyranose cleavage is a crucial step in carbon metabolism. Here the authors report the discovery and characterization of metalloenzyme Art22, which is involved in the sugar moiety modification of aurantinin B, an antibacterial agent from Bacillus.

Researchers developed spectral decoupling regulator based on an electro-optical resonator, which realizes free re-combination between visible color and long-wave infrared emissivity within a single device

Electrochemical CO_x reduction to multi-carbon products is hindered by low energy efficiency, in part due to sluggish ion transport across charge-selective membranes used in electrolysers. Here the authors use a porous, non-charge-selective separator that enhances ion transport and improves performance for CO electrolysis.

Nasal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus is linked with depression in a human cohort and shown in a mouse model to cause decreased serotonin and dopamine in the brain.

NatD is an acetyltransferase responsible for N-α-terminal acetylation of the histone H4 and H2A and has been linked to cell growth. Here the authors show that NatD-mediated acetylation of histone H4 serine 1 competes with the phosphorylation by CK2α at the same residue thus leading to the upregulation of Slug and tumor progression.

Weak NO adsorption, slow water dissociation, and sluggish hydrogenation hinder neutral-media NH₃ electrosynthesis from low-concentration NO. Here, the authors report an electron-donating motif modulating a NO-affinitive catalyst to create dual active sites, thus facilitating NO-to-NH₃ conversion.

Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation is essential for cellular energy production. Here the authors show that mutations in Testis-Expressed Protein 44 (TEX44) are associated with misregulated fatty acid β-oxidation and male infertility.

Wang and colleagues show that specific DNA methylation profiles mark the ILC progenitors (ILCP) that would differentiate into ILC1, ILC2 or ILC3 subsets.

Behçet’s disease (BD) is characterized by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and macrophage activation, but their interaction remains elusive. The authors here find PMN exosomes from BD patients are attenuated in suppressing proinflammatory macrophages when cocultured in vitro with the mechanism of decreased miR-122-5p/IRF5/TLR4 signaling and IFN-β autocrine pathway.

Fluid shear stress plays a role in medulloblastoma metastasis through a PIEZO2-actomyosin-GLUT1 signalling cascade.

Using SCN2A haploinsufficiency as a proof-of-concept, upregulation of the existing functional gene copy through CRISPR activation was able to rescue neurological-associated phenotypes in Scn2a haploinsufficient mice and human neurons.

Nitrogen promotes wheat’s recovery after drought stress through the TaSnRK2.10-TaNLP7 module. This breakthrough connects drought-stress signalling with nitrate response pathways, providing a genetic framework for developing climate-resilient crops.

The role of lysine crotonylation (Kcr) in MASLD pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, the authors identify a PCAF/SIRT7-IDH1 Kcr axis that ameliorates hepatic steatosis by boosting TCA cycle activity, uncovering a new mechanism and therapeutic target for MASLD.

This study identifies brain connectivity patterns linked to the duration of methamphetamine abstinence in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder. The identified networks were validated in an out-of-sample replication.

Zhu et al. show that cAMP-dependent PKA phosphorylates Bora, enabling Aurora A binding and Plk1 activation. This modification ensures timely mitotic entry, unveiling a previously unrecognized interface between PKA signaling and cell cycle regulation.

The relationship between pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and autoinflammation in T2DM is unclear. Here, the authors show the key role of a UCP2/mtDNA/STING axis in the IL-1β induced autoinflammation cycle in T2DM and develop Mito-G, a highly efficient mitochondria targeting nanodrug to treat T2DM.

Using high-resolution crystal structures, the authors discover that flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) facilitates the initiation of HCV RNA synthesis by interacting with key amino acids M447 and Y448 in NS5B. They also observe an elongation complex with an FAD-capped primer/product strand, explaining how the product strand moves for efficient RNA synthesis.

A DNA matrix material potentiates humoral response through multiple administration routes, generating neutralizing antibodies and conferring robust protection against infection.

Breast cancer cells interact with cancer-associated adipocytes in the microenvironment. Here, the authors report that the cross-talk between these two cell types is dependent on Zeb1, which remodels the tumor-associated adipose microenvironment to confer breast cancer progression.

Here, authors show both CLA and ACC as key mediators of methamphetamine (METH) use and relapse. Specifically, the CLA → ACC circuit modulates intake, while reciprocal ACC → CLA circuit drive cue-induced relapse, revealing a maladaptive positive feedback loop that perpetuates METH addiction.

The diagnosis and prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) relies on invasive renal biopsies, which can be clinically constrained. Here, the authors develop a non-invasive model using retinal images that can be used to screen for CKD and identify five common pathological types of CKD.

Ectoparasites activate prefrontal microglia via the skin–brain axis, damaging GABAergic neurons and reducing host exploration. This limits host distribution and may help ectoparasites avoid environmental pressures.

Exercise exerts health benefits, yet the long-term effects of early-life regular exercise on later-life health and lifespan remain poorly understood. Here, the authors show early-life exercise in mice extends healthspan, though it does not affect lifespan.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

The decarbonization of energy systems requires access to minerals that are critical for manufacturing low-carbon technologies. Here researchers show that meeting climate targets could be impeded by material shortages, revealing the importance of diverse solutions that balance mitigation, equity and resource constraints.

Here, the authors report that SARS-CoV-2 M protein interacts with host ARF1 to facilitate viral assembly at the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment and demonstrate that targeting ARF1 or its interaction with the M protein disrupts virus production in vitro and in vivo, proposing a potential broad-spectrum therapeutic approach.

Sun et al. identify CFAP100 as a vital player in the regulation of epidermal development and function. Mechanistically, CFAP100 recruits the microtubule glutamylase TTLL13 to ensure spindle pole integrity for proper division of keratinocytes.

Commonly used opioids for pain management primarily target the mu opioid receptor. However, mu opioid receptor agonists often come with harmful side effects. Here, the authors report the results of two phase 3 trials of HSK21542 (anrikefon), a highly selective activator of peripheral kappa opioid receptor agonists, for postoperative pain treatment following abdominal surgery.

Photonic integrated circuits allow laser displays to be flattened into a compact form factor while improving efficiency and colour performance.

Polyploidy and subsequent post-polyploid diploidization (PPD) contribute to evolutionary success of plant species. Here, using 11 genomes from all nine subfamilies of Malvaceae as an example, the authors provide evidence to support the “polyploidy for survival and PPD for success” hypothesis.

The authors provide insights into the role of neuronal CCL2 expression, which is triggered with hyperglycaemia and modulates anxiety disorders under conditions of diabetes.

The epidemic of fat-related metabolic disorders necessitates innovative therapies. Here, the authors show adipose-resident c-kit⁺ cells are crucial brown adipocyte progenitors and provide a promising way to manipulate adult brown adipose tissue for combating obesity and metabolic disorders.

This study reveals an important formation pathway of organic nitrates in ambient aerosols through the multiphase reactions of organic peroxides and nitrite, particularly in polluted urban areas.

The authors present a digital camouflage strategy in optical/thermal infrared/terahertz/microwave bands. It mimics plant spectra in optical and creates adaptable patterns in other bands, blending with surroundings to evade multi-spectral detection.

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of immune cells in the blood and liver of a human decedent receiving a pig liver xenograft reveals impaired adaptive immunity and monocyte features that may induce T cell exhaustion and contribute to platelet activation.

Nonlinear transport effects arising from the quantum metric have been reported in topological magnets at low temperatures. Here, the authors demonstrate a second-harmonic transport response in TbMn₆Sn₆ at room temperature, attributed to the quantum metric and controllable via an applied magnetic field.

A comprehensive analysis of the cell-specific molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying post-traumatic stress disorder in the human prefrontal cortex.