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The structural motif of porphyrin is relevant for many essential biological processes and has emerged as a versatile component of functional materials. Here, the authors report a thiophene-based porphyrinogen having electron-deficient boron atoms in all four meso-positions that exhibits redox-switchable aromaticity.

Olfactory deficits occur early in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, the authors identify that loss of locus coeruleus axons in the olfactory bulb underlies impaired olfaction in an AD mouse model and provide translational evidence for similar deficits in humans.

Hydrous silicate melts atop the 410 km discontinuity have ultra-low viscosities, enabling rapid segregation. These melts form paired layers through continuous dehydration melting, which can merge under specific conditions, explaining seismically observed deep melt structures.

Human brain morphodynamics are explored using organoids.

Many bacteria use the second messenger cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) to control motility, biofilm production and virulence. Here, the authors identify a thermosensitive enzyme that synthesizes c-di-GMP and modulates temperature-dependent motility, biofilm development and virulence in the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

It is challenging to design transparent, water-repellent and mechanical robust coatings for a broad range of technological applications. Vogel et al. develop a lubricant-infused surface coating, which satisfies all these requirements and is compatible with conventional patterning processes.

Nanoplastics represent a significant environmental challenge due to their minute size, which complicates removal efforts. Here, the authors present a method to effectively extract colloidally stable nanoplastic particles from industrial wastewater.

The bicyclic disulfide–containing compound thiolutin has broad antimicrobial activity and targets the essential proteasomal deubiquitinase Rpn11 and other metalloproteases, leading to inhibition of enzymatic activity through a mechanism involving zinc chelation.

A technique that combines retrograde axon tracing with single-cell transcriptomics is used to characterize neurons innervating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and healthy pancreas, providing insight into the role of neural connections in cancer progression.

A low energy demand, 1.5 ^∘C compatible pathway is provided for Europe from a country scale modelling perspective. The pathway shows in 2050 a 50% reduction of final energy demand and a 100% renewable energy share, with very limited needs for imports.

Asthma is caused by hyperreactivity to benign antigens, with humoral immunity orchestrated by interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 being the key etiological factor. Here the authors show, in humanized mouse models, that dual vaccination against IL-4 and IL-13 induces their durable suppression ameliorate experimental asthma, and to hint clinical translation.

In 1,088 pregnant individuals, assessment of abnormal serum angiogenic factors is demonstrated to be noninferior to the standard clinical approach based on estimated fetal weight and Doppler percentiles for the identification of fetuses at a higher risk of neonatal acidosis or Cesarean delivery, thus offering a beneficial option in settings where Doppler or experienced sonographers are not readily available.

Thermodynamics predicts equilibrium crystal structures and kinetics discover the pathway to form them. The authors investigate the interplay of thermodynamics and kinetics in the formation of colloidal clusters and reveal a bifurcation at an early stage of the crystallization process.

Asymmetric segregation of cell fate determinants during cell division governs daughter cell fate. Here the authors show that Sara endosomes, known to regulate Notch signalling, are targeted to the mitotic spindle and once phosphorylated are asymmetrically dispatched into a daughter cell to determine cell fate.

Coating technologies call for effective methods capable of suppressing the coffee-ring effect for a uniform particle deposition. Rey et al. show homogeneous drying patterns can be achieved via physically adsorbing polymers onto particle surfaces and the method is applicable to a wide range of materials regardless of the shape of the dispersed particles.

In this immunological ancillary study of the PREVAC trial, the authors show that approved Ebola virus vaccines induce memory T-cell responses that persist during the five year follow-up after initial vaccination.

Fine-mapping of causal variants and integration of epigenetic and chromatin conformation data identify likely target genes for 150 breast cancer risk regions.

Salvadó et al. developed and validated a CSF-based staging model for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, which accurately reflects biomarker and clinical changes, enhancing diagnostic and prognostic assessments of participants for clinical setting and trials.

Magic number cluster with closed shells and increased stability often result from potential energy minimization between attractive atoms or particles. Here, Wang et al. show that such magic number clusters can also result from entropy maximization in colloidal systems with negligible interactions.

In hepatocellular carcinoma driven by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, aberrant T cell activation and impaired immune surveillance seem to make hepatocellular carcinoma less responsive to anti-PD1 or anti-PDL1 immunotherapy.

Although termites are major human pests, they have an important role in maintaining ecosystem function and biodiversity. Here, the authors sequence the genome and transcriptomes of a dampwood termite and highlight genes that may be involved in the mechanisms underlying insect social behaviour.

Plasma extracellular vesicles contain quantifiable amounts of TDP-43 and full-length tau, allowing the accurate assessment of pathology in frontotemporal dementia, frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Using the lifespan brain chart and two large-scale cross-cultural consortia (ABIDE and CABIC), we disentangle the heterogeneity of brain morphology in ASD into two structural impairment pathways that could disrupt sensory to association functions.

Organic peroxy radicals play a pivotal role in producing highly oxygenated organic molecules but the formation mechanisms remain elusive. Here, the authors show in-situ characterization of peroxy radicals and dimer structures in the gas-phase, using online tandem mass spectrometry analyses.

Swarm Learning is a decentralized machine learning approach that outperforms classifiers developed at individual sites for COVID-19 and other diseases while preserving confidentiality and privacy.

A number of biomarkers that predict clinical outcome in response to gemcitabine treatment have been identified. These markers could be used in the clinic to personalize treatment, thereby improving efficacy and reducing adverse effects. The authors of this article describe how treatment can be tailored according to the pharmacogenetics and pharmacokinetics of each patient. In particular, evaluating the status of the liver enzyme cytidine deaminase holds promise as a strategy to optimize therapy.

Over 170 susceptibility loci have been identified by genome-wide association studies in breast cancer. Here, the authors interrogated the role of risk-associated variants from non-breast tissue, and using expression quantitative trait loci, identify potential target genes of known breast cancer susceptibility variants, as well as 11 regions not previously known to be associated with breast cancer risk.

The measurement of the total cross-section of proton–proton collisions is of fundamental importance for particle physics. Here, the first measurement of the inelastic cross-section is presented for proton–proton collisions at an energy of 7 teraelectronvolts using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

Two people with long-standing tetraplegia use neural interface system-based control of a robotic arm to perform three-dimensional reach and grasp movements.

Combined analysis of proton-proton collision data from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN by the CMS and LHCb collaborations leads to the observation of the extremely rare decay of the strange B meson into muons; the result is compatible with the standard model of particle physics, and does not show any signs of new physics, such as supersymmetry.

The narrow escape theory (NET) predicts the escape time distribution of Brownian particles confined to a domain with reflecting borders except for one small window. We systematically tested the NET in a disc both experimentally as well as with stochastic numerical simulations and found excellent agreement with theory.