Cytosolic ion gradients in growing pollen tubes are thought to be required for polar growth. Here the authors show that the Arabidopsis plasma membrane H+ ATPases, AHA6, AHA8, and AHA9, maintain tip-to-shank proton gradients, oscillations in cytosolic pH and actin organization to enable pollen tube elongation.
- Robert D. Hoffmann
- Maria Teresa Portes
- Michael Palmgren
