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Magnesium is an ideal rechargeable battery anode material, but coupling it with a low-cost sulphur cathode, requires a non-nucleophilic electrolyte. Kimet al. prepare a non-nucleophilic electrolyte from hexamethyldisilazide magnesium chloride and aluminium trichloride, and show its compatibility with a sulphur cathode.

Artificial-intelligence technologies are being deployed rapidly across industries, yet most organizations lack even basic guidelines to assess the tools’ effects.

An intergenerational cooperation game has been developed to study decision-making regarding resource use: when decisions about resource extraction were made individually the resource was rapidly depleted by a minority of defectors; the resource was sustainably maintained across generations, however, when decisions were made democratically by voting.

Rossetti and coauthors explore how human cooperation dynamics shift when players engage in multiple economic games at the same time, rather than treating each game as isolated. The authors find that cognitive constraints, strategic motives, and spillover effects can reduce cooperation in such scenarios, challenging traditional models of direct reciprocity.

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited gastrointestinal syndrome associated with duodenal adenoma formation. Here the authors show that IL17A-producing NKp44- group 3 innate lymphoid cells accumulate in FAP duodenal tissue and are associated with duodenal adenoma formation in patients with FAP.

Koster et al introduce a deep reinforcement learning (RL) mechanism designed to manage common-pool resources successfully encourages sustainable cooperation among human participants by dynamically adjusting resource allocations based on the current state of the resource pool. The RL-derived policy outperforms traditional allocation methods by balancing generosity when resources are abundant and applying temporary sanctions to discourage free-riding, ultimately maximizing social welfare and fairness.

Despite new treatment options, prognosis for patients with glioblastoma (GBM) remains poor. Here the authors report the clinical course of patients with GBM treated with a personalized neoantigen-derived peptide vaccine treated within the scope of an individual healing attempt.

Kristal et al. find that rewriting a résumé so that previously held jobs are listed with the number of years worked (instead of employment dates) increases callbacks from real employers compared to résumés without employment gaps by approximately 8%.

Moving beyond the Gini coefficient in studying inequality, Blesch et al. identify two parameters that capture inequality concentrated at the top and bottom. The results challenge mixed associations between inequality and policy outcomes.

NKp46⁺ innate lymphoid cells are identified as pivotal signal amplifiers of autoinflammatory responses in lupus nephritis.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

Koster, Balaguer et al. show that an AI mechanism is able to learn to produce a redistribution policy which is preferred to alternatives by humans in an incentivized game.

A framework that includes inequality shows that extreme inequality prevents cooperation, but overall welfare is maximized when endowments and productivities are aligned such that more-productive individuals receive higher endowments.

Most evolutionary game theory focuses on isolated games. Here, Donahue et al. present a general framework for ‘multichannel games’ in which individuals engage in a set of parallel games with a partner, and show that such parallel interactions favor the evolution of reciprocity across games.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

The first operation of the European X-ray free-electron laser facility accelerator based on superconducting technology is reported. The maximum electron energy is 17.5 GeV. A laser average power of 6 W is achieved at a photon energy of 9.3 keV.

As silicon solar cells are reaching their optimal efficiencies, below 30%, multi-junctions are being developed to increase the electrical power output over the same area. Here, Cariou et al. use wafer-bonding to fabricate two-terminal silicon III–V tandem cells that reach efficiencies above 33%.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider reports a search for charged-lepton-flavour violation in decays of Z bosons into a τ lepton and an electron or muon of opposite charge.

Cortex morphology varies with age, cognitive function, and in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Here the authors report 160 genome-wide significant associations with thickness, surface area and volume of the total cortex and 34 cortical regions from a GWAS meta-analysis in 22,824 adults.

Silver–Russell syndrome (SRS) is an imprinting disorder that causes prenatal and postnatal growth retardation. This Consensus Statement summarizes recommendations for clinical diagnosis, investigation and management of patients with SRS, including the use of growth hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues.

Integration of GWAS and single-cell transcriptomic data from the entire nervous system systematically identifies cell types underlying brain complex traits and provides insights into the etiology of Parkinson’s disease.

The measurement of the total cross-section of proton–proton collisions is of fundamental importance for particle physics. Here, the first measurement of the inelastic cross-section is presented for proton–proton collisions at an energy of 7 teraelectronvolts using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

Ten years after the discovery of the Higgs boson, the ATLAS  experiment at CERN probes its kinematic properties with a significantly larger dataset from 2015–2018 and provides further insights on its interaction with other known particles.

Personalised medicine requires cell cultures from defined genetic backgrounds, but providing sufficient numbers of cells is a challenge. Here the authors develop gene cocktails to expand primary cells from a variety of different tissues and species, and show that expanded endothelial and hepatic cells retain properties of the differentiated phenotype.

Analyses of data from 211 independent, randomized controlled trials (N = 16,198,595) show that second-order normative beliefs—community members’ belief that saving energy helps the environment—play a critical role in promoting energy conservation.

Genome-wide analyses identify eight independent loci associated with anorexia nervosa. Genetic correlations implicate both psychiatric and metabolic components in the etiology of this disorder, even after adjusting for the effects of common variants associated with body mass index.

Quantum electrodynamics predicts a rare process in which light is scattered by light. The ATLAS Collaboration reports signs of this elusive effect in the collisions of ultra-relativistic lead ions.

Choosing how much to take and how much to preserve from our environment is a challenging task, and every small decision counts. A behavioural experiment sheds new light on how time pressure negatively affects sustainability decisions.

The Rat Genome Sequencing and Mapping Consortium reports a combined sequence-based and genetic mapping analysis of 160 phenotypes in an outbred rat heterogeneous stock. They identify 31 genes involved in 27 different phenotypes.

Combined analysis of proton-proton collision data from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN by the CMS and LHCb collaborations leads to the observation of the extremely rare decay of the strange B meson into muons; the result is compatible with the standard model of particle physics, and does not show any signs of new physics, such as supersymmetry.