Anti-angiogenic therapy has the capacity to ameliorate antitumour immunity and, thus, some combinations of anti-angiogenics and immunotherapies have been approved and a number of them are being tested. The authors of this Perspective describe how the angiogenesis-induced endothelial immune cell barrier hampers antitumour immunity and the role of endothelial cell anergy as a vascular counterpart of immune checkpoints.
- Zowi R. Huinen
- Elisabeth J. M. Huijbers
- Arjan W. Griffioen
