In schistosomiasis-endemic regions, the cyclical nature of infection and treatment complicates understanding of host immune responses. Repeated controlled human Schistosoma mansoni infection, designed to reflect the reinfection cycles common in endemic areas, shows that repeated exposure induces mixed worm-specific CD4⁺ T cell responses similar to those seen in endemic infection.
- Emmanuella Driciru
- Jan Pieter R. Koopman
- Emma L. Houlder
