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The STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory demonstrates evidence of spin correlations in \(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }\) hyperon pairs inherited from virtual spin-correlated strange quark–antiquark pairs during QCD confinement.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

The study used snMultiome-seq to map gene expression and chromatin accessibility in human central amygdala cells from people with and without AUD. Here, the authors show that inhibitory neurons are most affected, with KLF16-driven regulatory changes and AUD-risk variants disrupting gene activity.

Several recent publications have attempted to detect novel unannotated microproteins using mass spectrometry proteomics. Here, the authors reassess these claimed microprotein detections, finding that many are poorly supported, while a subset represents likely genuine discoveries of novel proteins.

Gut microbiota-derived succinate promotes CitC succinyltransferase-dependent succinylation of PurR to alleviate T3SS repression and promote virulence in enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli and Citrobacter rodentium.

Vassy, Dornisch and colleagues developed a genomics-based prostate cancer risk model to support a randomized clinical trial of precision screening in a national healthcare system.

Ribas and colleagues report the results of a phase 2 clinical trial of neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade in patients with surgically resectable desmoplastic melanoma.

Here the authors show that PARP inhibition activates SIRT-1–FOXO1 signaling to drive transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming of CD8⁺ T cells into central memory T cells with superior recall capacity and efficacy in adoptive therapy.

A multiancestry phenome-wide analysis of copy number variants in the UK Biobank genomes increases power to detect genetic associations with complex traits across human populations.

De novo and inherited dominant variants in genes encoding U4 and U6 small nuclear RNAs are identified in individuals with retinitis pigmentosa. The variants cluster at nucleotide positions distinct from those implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

How neuron-level interactions produce complex cognitive behavior remains unclear. Here, the authors develop a brain circuit mechanistic model based on physiological computation, that uncovers an unexpected neural code, subsequently validated by empirical data.

The ALICE Collaboration provides details on the microscopic mechanism that ends up creating antideuteron in high-energy proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

A dual-gate structure in bilayer MoS₂ FETs is reported, allowing a high carrier density by compensating for the fringing field, which holds promise for 2D semiconductor logic applications.

Methods used to date a network of marine sediment cores reveal that rapid retreat of the Ross Ice Shelf was contemporaneous with the lowering of nearby outlet glaciers, implicating warm ocean waters as a driver of Antarctic deglaciation.

The pyrochlore compound CeRu2 hosts a three-dimensional kagome lattice with flat bands and it’s possible to tune superconductivity in the system under various conditions. Here, by combining muon spin rotation with uniaxial stress and hydrostatic pressure, the authors observe distinct and complementary tuning pathways, including a dome-shaped stress-induce devolution of Tc with a crossover from anisotropic to isotropic s-wave pairing, and a pressure-driven change from nodeless to nodal superconductivity.

Here the authors show that tissue-resident memory and exhausted T cells in tumors are distinct populations that are shaped by relative presence or absence of TCR signals, suggesting that a tailored therapeutic strategy is needed to target each subset.

Respiration enhances cerebrospinal fluid flow through mechanical and autonomic pathways. Inhale length and diaphragm motion influence its displacement and net flow, identifying a modifiable, noninvasive mechanism relevant to brain homeostasis.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide and transcriptome-wide association studies of aortic stenosis identify more than 200 independent risk loci and provide insights into its genetic architecture.

Here, Liu et al show that enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli utilizes host- and microbiota-derived L-malate as an essential nutrient and signalling molecule to promote its growth and colonization in the large intestine.

Genome-wide association studies incorporating data for populations of African ancestry provide an expanded view of the genetic basis of schizophrenia, which has previously been studied mainly in European and East Asian cohorts.

Kim, Wang, Clow and colleagues show that long-range chromatin loops bringing distal enhancers or super-enhancers together with promoters are cohesin dependent and cell type specific, whereas most short-range and promoter-centric transcriptional loops are cohesin independent and constitutive.

The R21/Matrix-M vaccine, but not the ME-TRAP vaccine, was protective against intradermal challenge with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites, while neither was protective against direct venous inoculation, potentially explaining previously observed differences in protection.

Brown dwarfs are small stars that are believed to be made of a warm dense plasma that cannot support hydrogen fusion as larger stars do. Here, the authors present a method for studying the properties, such as resistivity, of warm dense plasmas in the laboratory.

Here, Cottam et al. identify an L-arabinose transporter in Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli and show that metabolism of this dietary sugar upregulates the type 3 secretion system, thus enhancing its fitness within the host gut.

This study shows that temporal interference stimulation of the entorhinal cortex can enhance path integration abilities of human, with stimulation at left and right hemisphere enhancing different aspects of spatial cognition.

RNAi therapy has huge potential but effective delivery to target location is a major issue. Here, the authors report on the delivery of RNAi to tumors using self-agglomerating nanohydrogels that can overcome the different delivery barriers and supply multiple RNAi payloads.

HMGCR is upregulated by E2F1, driving ferroptosis resistance by reducing oxidative damage triggered by T cell-based therapy. Notably, targeting HMGCR restores ferroptosis sensitivity in immune-refractory tumors, enhancing response to PD-1 blockade as well as adoptive T cell transfer therapy.

Here, the authors show that immotile bacteria degrade antibiotics to alter their environment and facilitate nearby motile competitors to expand. As expansion proceeds, the immotile degrader is outcompeted, becoming a hidden driver of community spread.

In the adrenal cortex, cholesterol used for steroid production is stored in lipid droplets. The authors demonstrate here the importance of the transcription factor HHEX in maintaining glucocorticoid levels and protecting lipid droplets from androgen-induced lipid depletion.

The relative contribution of lipid catabolism on fasting-induced longevity was unknown. Authors showed lifespan extension from fasting depend on silencing lipid catabolism upon nutrient replenishment through phosphorylation of NHR-49 by KIN-19.

Many tumours exhibit hypoxia (low oxygen) and hypoxic tumours often respond poorly to therapy. Here, the authors quantify hypoxia in 1188 tumours from 27 cancer types, showing elevated hypoxia links to increased mutational load, directing evolutionary trajectories.

Here authors show loss of AKAP11, a strong genetic risk factor for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, disrupts PKA proteostasis and signaling, leading to widespread transcriptomic alterations across the brain, particularly in striatal neurons, as well as altered behavior.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.