Integrating an organic photodiode with a tandem OLED enables positive photonic feedback that results in bistable behaviour. Devices show giant hysteresis in their current–voltage–luminance characteristic and upconversion of near-infrared to visible light with 100-fold photon-to-photon gain.
- Raju Lampande
- Jon-Paul S. DesOrmeaux
- Noel C. Giebink