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Loss of mitochondrial quality control is closely associated with the onset of neurodegeneration. Basak & Holzbaur demonstrate neuron-specific stress response mechanisms that eliminate damaged mitochondria by upregulating mitophagy, promoting neuronal health.

Spintronic nano-neurons and synapses can be connected by radiofrequency signals into neural networks that are capable of classifying real-world radiofrequency inputs without digitization at high speed and with low energy costs—an important step for artificial intelligence at the edge.

In response to wounding and jasmonate treatment, Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factors MYB47 and MYB95 control the formation of ER bodies, which are a component of a mechanism defending plants against insects and fungi.

Understanding the spin texture of topological insulator surface states is crucial for applications in spintronics and nanodevices. Here, Neupane et al. report systematic spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on ultrathin Bi₂Se₃films for the first time.

Bad mentors can go absent, sap your energy or embroil you in their paranoia. Here are five tips for tackling a toxic relationship.

Uranium dioxide fuels the world’s nuclear-power reactors, and so a full understanding of its thermal properties is essential. Gofryk et al. now demonstrate that, despite its cubic atomic structure, the thermal conductivity of uranium dioxide is anisotropic owing to phonon-spin scattering.

Analysing camera-trap data of 163 mammal species before and after the onset of COVID-19 lockdowns, the authors show that responses to human activity are dependent on the degree to which the landscape is modified by humans, with carnivores being especially sensitive.

Macrophages are pleiotropic and can have different functions and phenotypes. Here the authors show that a population of macrophages, previously described as pro-fibrotic, can be induced through Notch2 blockade and that in a mouse lung injury and fibrosis model this macrophage population does not promote inflammation or fibrosis.

The strength of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, as traced in sediment cores from the Pacific Southern Ocean, shows no linear long-term trend over the past 5.3 Myr; instead, the strongest flow occurs consistently in warmer-than-present intervals.

Analysis of age of onset and disease duration in a large, international cohort of people with SOD1-ALS shows that there is a distinct phenotype and that onset and progression are decoupled.

A critical donor organ shortage currently limits the treatment of patients with severe liver failure. Building on earlier work with decellularized hearts, Basak Uygun et al. have developed a transplantable liver graft using a decellularized liver matrix. This approach preserves the structural and functional characteristics of the native microvascular network, supports efficient recellularization and, when transplanted into rats, allows the viability and metabolic function of hepatocytes to be maintained.

A cross-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) including 29,612 patients with ALS and 122,656 controls identifies 15 risk loci with distinct genetic architectures and neuron-specific biology.

A significant proportion of individuals with inherited neuromuscular disease do not receive a genetic diagnosis. Here, the authors establish CCG expansions in the 5’ untranslated region of ABCD3 as a cause of oculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM) in individuals of European ancestry and identify increased expression of expansion-containing ABCD3 transcripts as a possible disease mechanism underlying muscle degeneration.

Genetic mechanisms underlying fetal hemoglobin (HbF) regulation and switching are not fully understood. Here, the authors develop a single-cell genome editing functional assay to model how effects of mutation-harbouring functional elements contribute to HbF expression.

Compressed Perturb-seq incorporates compressed sensing to genetic screening for scalable discovery of genetic interactions.

Understanding the genetic regulation of hypothalamic function could yield insights into disease pathogenesis, but its inaccessibility has made this challenging. Here the authors present a high-resolution chromatin atlas of a hypothalamic-like neuron model across three stages of differentiation.

A deep-learning model that transforms cryosectioned whole-slide tissue images into the style of whole-slide formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue improves the rates of accurate tumour subtyping.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses identify new risk loci for Parkinson’s disease, and fine-mapping and co-localization analyses implicate candidate genes whose expression is associated with disease susceptibility.

Epsilon toxin (Etx) is a potent pore forming toxin (PFT) produced by Clostridium perfringens. Here authors show the cryo-EM structure of the Etx pore assembled on the membrane of susceptible cells and shed light on pore formation and mutant phenotypes.

Glycinergic synapses play a central role in motor control and pain processing in the central nervous system. Here, authors present cryo-EM structures of the full-length glycine receptors (GlyRs) reconstituted into lipid nanodiscs in the unliganded, glycine-bound and allosteric modulator-bound conformations and reveal global conformational changes underlying GlyR channel gating and modulation.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

Electrons in uranium-based materials are often on the border between localised and itinerant behaviour, which can lead to unusual magnetic behaviour. Here the authors combine experiment and theory to show that USb₂ may be an unusually high temperature example of a singlet-ground-state magnet.

Deep learning applied to endomyocardial biopsy images, developed using datasets from three different countries, can detect rejection of transplanted hearts and determine the subtype and grade of rejection, with potential for reducing the interobserver variability inherent in manual interpretation of these biopsies.

Glycine receptors (GlyRs) mediate motor control and pain perception. Here, Kumar et al. present structures of GlyR bound to Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) using cryo-electron microscopy, providing insight into the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids.

In the XY model, the application of a disordered uniaxial magnetic field leads to a long range magnetic order. Here, using a numerical approach, the authors find that at a critical rotating driving field, the number of driving cycles needed to complete a limit cycle diverges.

The description of a compound (DDD107498) with antimalarial activity against multiple life-cycle stages of Plasmodium falciparum and good pharmacokinetic and safety properties, with potential for single-dose treatment, chemoprotection and prevention of transmission.

Relatives of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have an unexpectedly high incidence of schizophrenia. Here, the authors show a genetic link between the two conditions, suggesting shared neurobiological mechanisms.