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JWST spectroscopy confirms redshifts for two very luminous galaxies with z > 11, and also demonstrates that another candidate with suggested z ≈ 16 instead has z = 4.9.

Quantum electrodynamics predicts a rare process in which light is scattered by light. The ATLAS Collaboration reports signs of this elusive effect in the collisions of ultra-relativistic lead ions.

A single-center study demonstrates that omitting pathologic examination of some resected diminutive polyps rarely changes management. These results are indicative of the overall innocuous nature of diminutive polyps, and reinforce the rationale underlying the use of alternative polypectomy strategies at CT colonography rather than universal polypectomy for the management of these lesions.

In a post-approval study including more than 17,000 patients on the safety of pulsed field ablation, a new method for treatment of atrial fibrillation, the procedure was found to have a low rate of adverse events but was associated with some unexpected rare complications that will need further study.

Researchers disagree over canine domestication.

Resistance to first line treatment is a major hurdle in cancer treatment, that can be overcome with drug combinations. Here, the authors provide a large drug combination screen across cancer cell lines to benchmark crowdsourced methods and to computationally predict drug synergies.

Water and hydroxyl enrichment in the solar-wind-irradiated rim of an olivine grain from asteroid Itokawa suggests that its regolith could contain ~20 l m⁻³ of water from solar wind—a potential water source for airless planetary bodies.

Investigation of variation in three cohorts has identified multiple genetic signals associated with the pregnancy-specific liver disorder, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, giving insight into the disease which can cause preterm birth and stillbirth.

Genome-wide association analyses of blood glucose measurements under nonstandardized conditions provide insights into the biology of glucose regulation, diabetes complications and pathways for treatment stratification.

Protein changes in a brain with Alzheimer’s are not often accompanied by transcriptional differences. Here, using a deep neural network that predicts protein abundance from mRNA expression, the authors track the early protein changes in Alzheimer’s dementia.

There is growing interest in controlling and manipulating molecules using external field. Here the authors demonstrate microwave induced transient enantiomeric excess in a state-selective benzyl alcohol using microwave six-wave mixing.

Bagley et al. conduct a phase 1 trial to study safety and tolerability of CAR T-EGFRvIII cells administered concomitantly with PD-1 inhibition via pembrolizumab in patients with glioblastoma and show tolerability, but without signs of efficacy.

The Argyle deposit erupted 1.3 billion years ago into an ancient rift at the edge of a craton. Argyle coincided with supercontinent breakup, highlighting the link between diamond emplacement, former rifts and continental breakup.

Neoplastic pancreatic cysts are associated with invasive pancreatic cancer, but their origins and evolutionary relationships are unclear. Here, the authors present the evolutionary analysis of neoplastic cysts and report them as precursors of invasive pancreatic cancer, and that SMAD4/TGFBR2 alterations are likely drivers of invasion in a subset of cases.

Analysis of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) by using whole-genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancer samples across 38 cancer types identifies hypermutated mtDNA cases, frequent somatic nuclear transfer of mtDNA and high variability of mtDNA copy number in many cancers.

A global dataset of the satellite-tracked movements of pelagic sharks and fishing fleets show that sharks—and, in particular, commercially important species—have limited spatial refuge from fishing effort.

Protein immunofluorescence imaging and affinity purification–mass spectrometry are combined to create a unified map of human cell architecture across scales, which the authors call the multi-scale integrated cell (MuSIC).

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an anti-inflammatory drug proposed as a treatment for COVID19. Here the results are reported from a randomised trial testing DMF treatment in 713 patients hospitalised with COVID-19. DMF was not associated with any improvement in day 5 outcomes.

Ruth Loos and colleagues report a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in 181,171 individuals identifying 14 new loci associated with heart rate and test these for association with cardiac conduction, rhythm disorders and cardiovascular disease. Their experimental studies in Drosophila melanogaster and zebrafish models provide support for a role for 20 candidate genes at 11 of these loci in regulation of heart rate.

Measurements by the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter reveal a depletion of heavy CO isotopes in Mars’s atmosphere caused by photochemistry-induced fractionation. The observed depletion in heavy C has implications for our understanding of C escape to space and the formation of organic material on Mars’s surface.

Synaptotagmin 1 is involved in dopamine release. Here the authors investigate the effect of loss of Syt1 in midbrain dopaminergic neurons in mice, and find that unconditioned motor behaviour and motivation for food, are intact.

Naked mole rats are the longest-lived rodents and produce very-high-molecular-mass hyaluronan (vHMM-HA). Here the authors show that naked mole rat vHMM-HA is better at protecting mouse and human cells from cell cycle arrest and cell death, compared to the high-molecular-mass hyaluronan produced by these species.

ARID1A, which is often mutated in human endometrial cancer, is a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex. Here, the authors show that Arid1a mutations in the mouse endometrium and primary human endometrial epithelial cells cause widespread reprogramming of gene transcription and result in a loss of response to TGFβ.

Here, the authors apply positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to visualize HIV tissue-wide burden in infected individuals using a radiolabeled broadly neutralizing antibody, ⁸⁹Zr-VRC01, and show that PET tracer lymph node uptake positively correlates with HIV protein levels measured directly from cells obtained from these tissues. This strategy may allow non-invasive characterization of residual HIV infection in the setting of therapeutic interventions.

Pertussis immunisation for pregnant women has been introduced to protect newborns, but immunological evidence suggests that this lessens subsequent infant immune response to vaccination. Here, the authors assess the epidemiological impacts of both consequences of maternal immunisation on infant infection.

Levra Levron et al. report that epidermal injury elicits the priming of distant memory progenitors that have not contributed in the original healing, but acquire enhanced repair abilities, although favouring field cancerization.

Mice overexpressing Has2 from the naked mole-rat showed an increase in hyaluronan levels in several tissues, and a lower incidence of spontaneous and induced cancer, attenuated inflammation through several pathways, extended lifespan and improved healthspan.

Numerous genetic variants, including those located in the non-coding regions of the genome, are known to be associated with blood cells traits. Here, Frontini and colleagues investigate their potential regulatory functions using epigenomic data and promoter long-range interactions.

The role of keratinocyte subpopulations in the different phases of the viral cycle during HPV16 infection remains to be characterised. Here, single cell RNA sequencing of HPV16 infected and uninfected organoids identifies 12 distinct keratinocyte populations including an HPV-reprogrammed keratinocyte subpopulation that is linked to cancer.

An immune signature characterized by activated antigen-specific CD8 T cells is identified in the brain and blood of mice with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-4 (ALS4), suggesting that the immune system is involved in ALS4 neurodegeneration.

The nucleolus is a specialized functional domain of the nucleus where ribosome biogenesis is initiated and also implicated in a p53-dependent anti-tumor surveillance. Here the authors use a quantitative imaging approach to detail the role of each ribosomal protein on the structural integrity of the nucleolus and p53 homeostasis.

Understanding the crystal structure of different calcium phosphates is important for a range of different subjects from geology to biomedicine. Here, the authors report on the synthesis and determination of the crystal structure of dicalcium phosphate monohydrate.

Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data across 2,658 tumors spanning 38 cancer types shows that chromothripsis is pervasive, with a frequency of more than 50% in several cancer types, contributing to oncogene amplification, gene inactivation and cancer genome evolution.

The characteristics of immune cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are not fully understood. Here the authors examine the transcriptomic profile and ontogeny of macrophages from the PNS, show they are derived from both embryonic and hematopoietic precursors, and that they have some shared features with microglia.

Addition of MXenes in the halide perovskite film, in the electron transport layer and at the interface between these layers is shown to enhance the efficiency of and reduce hysteresis in perovskite solar cells.

Andrew Morris, Mark McCarthy, Michael Boehnke and colleagues report a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for type 2 diabetes, including 26,488 cases and 83,964 controls from populations of European, east Asian, south Asian and Mexican and Mexican American ancestry. They identify seven loci newly associated with type 2 diabetes and examine the genetic architecture of disease across populations.

A time-resolved high-resolution map of human cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction, integrating single-cell transcriptomic, chromatin accessibility and spatial transcriptomic data, provides a valuable resource for the field.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis of individuals with primary immunodeficiency identifies new candidate disease-associated genes and shows how the interplay between genetic variants can explain the variable penetrance and complexity of the disease.

Trans-ethnic analyses of exome array data identify new risk loci for type 2 diabetes. Fine-mapping analyses using genome-wide association data show that the index coding variants represent the likely causal variants at only a subset of these loci.

The MAGIC investigators report results of a large genome-wide association study meta-analysis to identify common variants influencing fasting glucose homeostasis. They further show that several of the newly discovered loci influencing glycemic traits are also associated with risk of type 2 diabetes.

Genomic surveillance has been important for tracking the evolution and spread of SARS-CoV-2. Here, the authors analyse ~300,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from two years of sequencing in the Latin America and Caribbean regions and describe the emergence and spread of different lineages over time.

Single-nucleus and spatial, whole-transcriptome profiling of 43 pancreatic adenocarcinomas provides a refined molecular and cellular classification, highlighting a new neoadjuvant treatment-associated neural-like progenitor tumor cell state.

This study reports reduced expression of the chromatin and splicing regulator HP1γ in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and shows that HP1γ protects against pervasive RNA splicing leading to toxic mRNA products detected in IBD, like progerin.