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Boccella, Yu and colleagues reveal that the transmembrane protein ANTXR1 regulates post-infarction fibrotic remodeling, and its inhibition blocks collagen turnover and improves heart function.

Chapman, Klaourakis and colleagues reveal that a lymphatic vasculature with poor clearance capacity in perinatal, regeneration-competent mouse hearts is required to retain pro-reparative macrophages and allow cardiac regeneration.

Given rising diabetes prevalence globally, access to diabetes treatments is gaining urgency. Here, the authors show patterns of glucose-lowering medication use for diabetes across 62 low- and middle-income countries.

Aggarwal et al. report a secondary analysis of the EMPACT-MI trial, which evaluates the effects of empagliflozin according to baseline kidney function in patients after myocardial infarction, showing that empagliflozin offers kidney protection, reduces heart failure events and was safe to initiate in patients with acute myocardial infarction, irrespective of baseline kidney function.

In a randomized trial of patients with a previous myocardial infarction and with residual inflammation, a monoclonal antibody targeting the LOX-1 receptor, thought to contribute to atherosclerotic plaque progression and inflammation, reduced soluble LOX-1 and interleukin-6 levels but did not lead to a substantial reduction in coronary plaque volume.

The precise role of the spinal cord in copulatory behavior remains not fully understood. Here, authors identify a population of spinal galanin-expressing neurons that regulate sexual arousal and mating in male mice, revealing a broader role for spinal circuits in copulation than previously acknowledged.

Electronic health records are a rich source of clinical data but identifying associations with outcomes is complex. Here, the authors propose a modelling framework ‘InfEHR’ that identifies patient trajectories in electronic health records and generates a likelihood for clinical phenotypes.

Rettkowski, Romero-Mulero et al. show that myocardial infarction impacts bone marrow haematopoietic stem cells and leads to inflammatory myelopoiesis, which can be dampened by treatment with 4-oxo-retinoic acid, promoting cardiac recovery.

CAR and PXR receptors are known to regulate metabolism, however, there is no dual human ligand suitable for therapy. Here, the authors show a CAR agonist/PXR antagonist, MI-883, which regulates cholesterol/bile acid homeostasis by leveraging CAR and PXR activations in plasma cholesterol regulation.

Tissue phenotypes arise from molecular states of individual cells and their spatial organisation, so spatial omics assays can help reveal how they emerge. Here, the authors apply graph neural networks to classify tissue phenotypes from spatial omics patterns, and use this approach to understand patterns in cancers and their microenvironments.

Nimbus, a deep learning model, uses a large multiplexed imaging dataset to predict the likelihood of marker positivity in single cells.

Quantized vortices are observed in a Bose–Einstein condensate.

A study of several longitudinal birth cohorts and cross-sectional cohorts finds only moderate overlap in genetic variants between autism that is diagnosed earlier and that diagnosed later, so they may represent aetiologically different conditions.

Studies in humans and mice show that myocardial infarction recruits monocytes to the brain’s thalamus, promoting sleep, which in turn restricts cardiac inflammation and sympathetic signalling and assists healing.

Retinitis pigmentosa leads to blindness and treatments are limited. Here, the authors report injectable donor-acceptor polymers and graphene oxide that restore visual response and perception in rodent and pig models.

Woldemariam et al. identify male infertility associated comorbidities using electronic health records (EHR) from the University of California. Findings, which are validated in Stanford University’s EHR, include hypothyroidism and anemia.

Here the authors leverage a crossfeeding, engineered microbial community to demonstrate that strain abundance cycles are robust across environmental conditions. They pair this with a nonlinear dynamic model to elucidate population cycles.

Here authors report that mutations in the neurodevelopmental risk gene ZMYND11 disrupt human cortical neuron development by altering chromatin regulation and RNA splicing.

Polygenic risk scores can help identify individuals at higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Here, the authors characterise a multi-ancestry score across nearly 900,000 people, showing that its predictive value depends on demographic and clinical context and extends to related traits and complications.

Men develop larger myocardial infarction (MI) sizes than women. Here, the authors show that male sex and testosterone, via bone marrow stroma, exacerbates MI-induced neutrophilia and cardiac injury and that response to anti-inflammatory treatment in MI is greater in men than women

DeBerge, Glinton et al. demonstrate that allograft inflammatory factor 1 promotes inflammatory glycolytic reprogramming in cardiac macrophages, leading to adverse remodeling and progression to heart failure after myocardial infarction.

The authors report a computational framework for determining the meiotic/mitotic origin of nondisjunction (NDJ) in trisomies without parental data. Applying this to Down syndrome, they uncover links between NDJ error stage and leukemia genomics.

Drugs that rescue function of episodic ataxia 1 (EA1) mutant potassium channels are lacking. Here, Manville et al identify and describe the molecular basis for Native American botanical ataxia remedies that directly rescue EA1 mutant channels.

Distinguishing glioblastoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) remains challenging due to their overlapping pathology features. Here, the authors develop a computational tool, PICTURE, for differentiating similar pathological features enabling improved diagnosis of CNS tumours.

Here, the authors report that combining Army Liposome Formulation with QS21 saponin (ALFQ) and Alum to formulate the ΔV1gp120 boost decreases the risk of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) mac251 acquisition in female macaques.

In this study, the authors use a maternal infection mouse model to show that Zika virus infection during pregnancy reshapes offspring immunity in a sex-specific manner, weakening neutrophil defenses and heightening vulnerability to infections and inflammation later in life.

Neutrophils are involved in both the initiation and resolution of cardiac inflammation post myocardial infarction (MI). Here, the authors show that intravenously injected nanoparticles can modulate cardiac neutrophils to inhibit inflammation and promote repair for MI therapy.

Distinct subsets of conventional DCs (cDCs) promote the differentiation of distinct helper T cell lineages. Here, the authors identify a GM-CSF-dependent cDC2 population in the mouse lung that expresses CD301b at steady state and promotes the differentiation of Treg cells, whereas during the initiation of allergic responses, these cDC2s transition to CD200⁺ cDC2s, promoting Th2 differentiation.

Genotype-phenotype data from over 450,000 individuals was analyzed to discover 205 genomic loci where an allele associated with increase adiposity was associated with a lower cardiometabolic disease risk to an individual.

As oocytes age the frequency of chromosome segregation errors during meiosis I increases. Here the authors use live imaging of oocytes from naturally aged mice to provide direct evidence that bivalent separation into univalents is the primary defect responsible for age-related aneuploidy.

It remains unclear how cortical high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and their relation with slow waves change with age. Here, the authors found that while HFO rate widely decreases over time, its coupling with slow waves strengthens in the occipital lobe during childhood.

The cortex fuels essential physiological processes with glucose-derived carbon, while gliomas fuel their aggressiveness by rerouting glucose carbon pathways and scavenging alternative carbon sources such as environmental amino acids, providing a potential therapeutic target.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Zhang et al. show that bone marrow fatty acid metabolism fuels expanded leukocyte production after myocardial infarction and, based on mouse, pig and human data, suggest that lipolysis in marrow adipocytes provides fatty acids to hematopoietic stem cells.

It is unclear why hemorrhagic myocardial infarctions (hMI) are destined for adverse outcomes. Here, the authors show that hMI drives fatty degeneration of infarct territories and contributes to adverse remodeling of the heart, which can be mitigated via timely depletion of iron within the hMI zone.

Type 2 diabetes predisposes individuals to multiple comorbidities, but causal mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors use Mendelian randomisation to show that distinct genetic pathways underlie diabetes-related risks, with ancestry-specific differences.

Over 20 species of geographically and phylogenetically diverse bird species produce convergent whining vocalizations towards their respective brood parasites. Model presentation and playback experiments across multiple continents suggest that these learned calls provoke an innate response even among allopatric species.

The predictive value of blood levels of GDF11/8 proteins in humans for future disease outcomes has been unclear. Here, the authors show that low levels of specific activated GDF11/8 subforms are strongly associated with future cardiovascular events, mortality, and dementia risk.

Myocardial infarction accelerates atherosclerosis through activation of the sympathetic nervous system, and the consequent release of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.

An inherently explainable AI trained on 1,015 expert-annotated prostate tissue images achieved strong Gleason pattern segmentation while providing interpretable outputs and addressing interobserver variability in pathology.