Perez-Shibayama et al. report that BMP4 signaling is downregulated in autoimmune myocarditis. Restoring BMP4 levels with antibodies that neutralize the BMP inhibitors gremlin-1 and gremlin-2 can ameliorate cardiac inflammation and improve function in mouse models.
- Christian Perez-Shibayama
- Cristina Gil-Cruz
- Burkhard Ludewig