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Tissue-tropic effector T cells: generation and targeting opportunities

To mediate their function, effector T cells must home to extralymphoid tissues. William Agace reviews how homing to certain tissues is bestowed on effector T-cell subsets and describes an important role for draining lymph nodes and tissue-derived dendritic cells in this process.

William W. Agace
Reviews01 Sept 2006
Nature Reviews Immunology

Volume: 6, P: 682-692
In vivo regulation of the monocyte phenotype by Mycobacterium marinum and the ESX-1 type VII secretion system

Kristina Munke
Line Wulff
William W. Agace
ResearchOpen Access07 Feb 2025
Scientific Reports

Volume: 15, P: 1-15
The small and large intestine contain related mesenchymal subsets that derive from embryonic Gli1⁺ precursors

Stromal cells are essential for intestinal homeostasis. Here the authors describe the phenotype, transcriptional profile and location of stromal cell subsets in the adult murine small intestine and colon lamina propria and demonstrate that these cells derive from Gli1+ precursors present in embryonic day 12.5 intestine.

Simone Isling Pærregaard
Line Wulff
William W. Agace
ResearchOpen Access21 Apr 2023
Nature Communications

Volume: 14, P: 1-16
Vitamin A helps gut T cells find their way in the dark

Once activated, some T cells home to distinct sites in the body, such as the intestine and inflamed skin. Research in mice shows that dendritic cells in the gut produce a derivative of vitamin A, retinoic acid, that gives T cells directions.

Bengt Johansson-Lindbom
William W Agace
News & Views01 Dec 2004
Nature Medicine

Volume: 10, P: 1300-1301
Regional specialization within the intestinal immune system

In this Review, the authors describe the unique and varied immune microenvironments that are found along the length of the intestinal tract. They explain how both host-derived and environmental factors shape this regional specialization and discuss the implications for intestinal pathologies, such as inflammatory bowel diseases and cancers.

Allan M. Mowat
William W. Agace
Reviews19 Sept 2014
Nature Reviews Immunology

Volume: 14, P: 667-685
Bifidobacterium species associated with breastfeeding produce aromatic lactic acids in the infant gut

Bifidobacterium species associated with breastfeeding can convert aromatic amino acids into their respective aromatic lactic acids via a previously uncharacterized aromatic lactate dehydrogenase, which may impact immune function in infants.

Martin F. Laursen
Mikiyasu Sakanaka
Henrik M. Roager
ResearchOpen Access21 Oct 2021
Nature Microbiology

Volume: 6, P: 1367-1382
Lysates of Methylococcus capsulatus Bath induce a lean-like microbiota, intestinal FoxP3⁺RORγt⁺IL-17⁺ Tregs and improve metabolism

Dietary changes can impact the microbial constitution of the gastrointestinal tract and modulate the local immune response. Here, the authors show supplementation using lysates of Methylococcus capsulatus Bath result in changes to the microbiota, modulate Treg populations and metabolic read outs in a dietary control murine model.

Benjamin A. H. Jensen
Jacob B. Holm
Tor E. Lea
ResearchOpen Access17 Feb 2021
Nature Communications

Volume: 12, P: 1-19
Different populations of CD11b⁺ dendritic cells drive Th2 responses in the small intestine and colon

T helper 2 (Th2) cell responses are essential for immunity against parasites, but how Th2 response is modulated in the gut is still unclear. Here the authors show that distinct dendritic cell subsets distinguishable by CD11b, CD103 and IRF4 function in the small intestine or colon to promote Th2 responses.

Johannes U. Mayer
Mimoza Demiri
Simon W. Milling
ResearchOpen Access09 Jun 2017
Nature Communications

Volume: 8, P: 1-12
Chemokine CXCL13 is essential for lymph node initiation and is induced by retinoic acid and neuronal stimulation

Embryonic lymph node formation requires lymphoid tissue–inducer cells. Mebius and colleagues show that neurons adjacent to lymph anlagen synthesize retinoic acid, which triggers expression of the chemokine CXCL13 needed for the initial attraction of lymphoid tissue–inducer cells.

Serge A van de Pavert
Brenda J Olivier
Reina E Mebius
Research27 Sept 2009
Nature Immunology

Volume: 10, P: 1193-1199
Diversity and functions of intestinal mononuclear phagocytes

T Joeris
K Müller-Luda
A McI Mowat
Reviews05 Apr 2017
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 10, P: 845-864
Identification, isolation and analysis of human gut-associated lymphoid tissues

The authors present a protocol for isolating and studying human gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

Peter B. Jørgensen
Thomas M. Fenton
William W. Agace
Protocols22 Feb 2021
Nature Protocols

Volume: 16, P: 2051-2067
Directed antigen targeting in vivo identifies a role for CD103⁺ dendritic cells in both tolerogenic and immunogenic T-cell responses

M Semmrich
M Plantinga
W W Agace
ResearchOpen Access14 Dec 2011
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 5, P: 150-160
A major population of mucosal memory CD4⁺ T cells, coexpressing IL-18Rα and DR3, display innate lymphocyte functionality

P Holmkvist
K Roepstorff
W W Agace
ResearchOpen Access01 Oct 2014
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 8, P: 545-558
Bile retinoids imprint intestinal CD103⁺ dendritic cells with the ability to generate gut-tropic T cells

E Jaensson-Gyllenbäck
K Kotarsky
W W Agace
ResearchOpen Access02 Feb 2011
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 4, P: 438-447
Retinoic acid receptor signaling levels and antigen dose regulate gut homing receptor expression on CD8⁺ T cells

M Svensson
B Johansson-Lindbom
W W Agace
Research11 Dec 2007
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 1, P: 38-48
Thank you to our reviewers!

William Agace
Nadine Cerf-Bensussan
Brian Kelsall
Editorial11 Feb 2019
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 12, P: 293-295
ADP-ribosylating adjuvant reveals plasticity in cDC1 cells that drive mucosal Th17 cell development and protection against influenza virus infection

Mohammad Arabpour
Cristina Lebrero-Fernandez
Nils Lycke
ResearchOpen Access13 Apr 2022
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 15, P: 745-761
Eosinophils are key regulators of perivascular adipose tissue and vascular functionality

Sarah B. Withers
Ruth Forman
Sheena M. Cruickshank
ResearchOpen Access17 Mar 2017
Scientific Reports

Volume: 7, P: 1-12
Human gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT); diversity, structure, and function

Urs M. Mörbe
Peter B. Jørgensen
William W. Agace
Reviews22 Mar 2021
Mucosal Immunology

Volume: 14, P: 793-802

Search

Tissue-tropic effector T cells: generation and targeting opportunities

In vivo regulation of the monocyte phenotype by Mycobacterium marinum and the ESX-1 type VII secretion system

The small and large intestine contain related mesenchymal subsets that derive from embryonic Gli1⁺ precursors

Vitamin A helps gut T cells find their way in the dark

Regional specialization within the intestinal immune system

Bifidobacterium species associated with breastfeeding produce aromatic lactic acids in the infant gut

Lysates of Methylococcus capsulatus Bath induce a lean-like microbiota, intestinal FoxP3⁺RORγt⁺IL-17⁺ Tregs and improve metabolism

Different populations of CD11b⁺ dendritic cells drive Th2 responses in the small intestine and colon

Chemokine CXCL13 is essential for lymph node initiation and is induced by retinoic acid and neuronal stimulation

Diversity and functions of intestinal mononuclear phagocytes

Identification, isolation and analysis of human gut-associated lymphoid tissues

Directed antigen targeting in vivo identifies a role for CD103⁺ dendritic cells in both tolerogenic and immunogenic T-cell responses

A major population of mucosal memory CD4⁺ T cells, coexpressing IL-18Rα and DR3, display innate lymphocyte functionality

Bile retinoids imprint intestinal CD103⁺ dendritic cells with the ability to generate gut-tropic T cells

Retinoic acid receptor signaling levels and antigen dose regulate gut homing receptor expression on CD8⁺ T cells

Thank you to our reviewers!

ADP-ribosylating adjuvant reveals plasticity in cDC1 cells that drive mucosal Th17 cell development and protection against influenza virus infection

Eosinophils are key regulators of perivascular adipose tissue and vascular functionality

Human gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT); diversity, structure, and function

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