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Voice-to-text tools powered by artificial intelligence can make life easier for academics by replacing the keyboard with dictation and transcription.

The academic community has looked at how artificial-intelligence tools help researchers to write papers, but not how they distort the literature scientists choose to cite.

Yin, Lin, Cai, Nie and colleagues report phase separation of ERCC6L2 as a mechanism that regulates RNF138-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of CtIP, thereby modulating DNA end resection and treatment response to ATM inhibitors in cancer.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

The authors show that NAT10 is upregulated with T cell antigen receptor signaling and that T cell-specific NAT10 deficiency results in diminished numbers of naive T cells, translating to an inability to mount a significant antiviral T cell response.

Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Here, the authors identify rare deleterious variants in UBOX5 as risk factors and implicate BIP ubiquitination as a potential disease mechanism.

Wang et al. show that intestinal sphingosine-1-phosphate is transferred to oocytes and influences sphingolipid metabolism in the next generations. In the offspring, sphingosine-1-phosphate protects Caenorhabditis elegans neurons against axon fragility.

Knock-in mice conditionally or constitutively expressing Cas12 variants enable a wide range of ex vivo and in vivo applications requiring multiplexed genome engineering.

Forkhead transcription factor FoxF2 plays a crucial role in the development of organs derived from primitive gut. Here the authors show that reduction of Foxf2 expression in stromal cells is associated with high grade prostate cancer and that increasing prostatic stromal Foxf2 sensitizes prostate cancer to immune checkpoint blockade.

Conventional X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy usually requires heavy-metal-containing inorganic scintillators and organic photosensitizers to generate singlet oxygen. Here, the authors develop an organic phosphorescent nanoscintillator for low-dose X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy of deep tumours.

The two-dimensional electron gases that form at LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ heterostructure interfaces feature strong spin-orbit interactions, leading to proposed spintronic applications. Lin et al. show that the design of asymmetric heterostructures enables the Rashba spin-orbit interaction to be tuned between two regimes.

This study evaluates the performance of GPT-4 in single-cell type annotation.

Here, the authors provide evidence that SARS-CoV-2 N protein leads to autophagic degradation of Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3, inducing DNA damage and proteotoxic stress, eventually causing pneumonia. The small-molecule drug PJ34 or anastrozole alleviates N protein-induced pneumonia.

The regulation of genetic diversity resulting from polyploidization and its impact on environmental adaptability remain unclear. Here, the authors show that LHP1-mediated epigenetic buffering of subgenome diversity and defense responses confers genome plasticity and adaptability in allopolyploid wheat.

METTL3 catalyzes mRNA m⁶A deposition. The authors identify an acetylation-mediated regulation of METTL3 subcellular localization and compartment-specific functions, a process that is fine-tuned by anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory signals, which ultimately determine breast cancer metastasis.

Complex oxide heterostructures exhibit multifunctional behaviour that could be used in a range of device applications. Here, the authors observe that reconstruction at oxide perovskite/brownmillerite interfaces leads to perpendicular magnetic spin orientation, with potential use in spintronic devices.

Although the role of FGFs in cardiovascular disease has attracted extensive attention, the potential role of FGF18 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy remains unknown. Here, the authors show the cardioprotective effect of FGF18 is mediated by maintaining redox homeostasis through FYN/Nox4 signaling.

Neuroectodermal cells produced via the direct reprogramming of human astrocytes can be induced to form spinal-cord organoids with functional neurons specific to the dorsal and ventral domains.

Regulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) through the Hippo pathway is well established, but its Hippo-independent regulation remains to be elucidated. Here, the authors show that non-proteolytic ubiquitination presents another means of YAP regulation, promoting its nuclear localization and activity.

Suppressive combination antiretroviral therapy fails to eradicate HIV-1 latent reservoirs in poorly characterized cell compartments. Here, urethral macrophages, but not urethral T cells, are shown to contain integrated HIV-1 DNA and to be able to release infectious HIV-1 following reactivation with lipopolysaccharide.

The crystal phase-based heterostructures of noble metal nanomaterials are of interest for various applications. Here, the authors report the wet-chemical synthesis of gold nanorods with a well-defined fcc-2H-fcc heterophase, which possess unique optical and catalytic properties.

Chiea Chuen Khor, Tin Aung, Francesca Pasutto, Janey Wiggs and colleagues report a global genome-wide association study of exfoliation syndrome and a fine-mapping analysis of a previously identified disease-associated locus, LOXL1. They identify a rare protective variant in LOXL1 exclusive to the Japanese population and five new common variant susceptibility loci.

The simultaneous activity of chemorepulsive and chemoattractive gradients is implicated in gamma-aminobutyric acid neuron migration during embryonic development. Won et al.show that preformed vascular networks provide these repulsive and attractive gradients to GABAergic neurons as they migrate through the telencephalon.

Chiea Chuen Khor, Tin Aung and colleagues report the results of a large genome-wide association study of primary angle closure glaucoma. They identify five new susceptibility loci and provide insights into disease pathogenesis.

Effectively engaging with large language models is becoming increasingly vital as they proliferate across research landscapes. This Comment presents a practical guide for understanding their capabilities and limitations, along with strategies for crafting well-structured queries, to extract maximum utility from these artificial intelligence tools.

A direct search for effective electromagnetic interactions between dark matter and xenon nuclei that produce a recoil of the latter is carried out and the first constraint on charge radius of dark matter is derived.

The protein phosphatase 4 complex, the Snf1 kinase, and the transcriptional regulators CreA and Crf1 collaboratively control carbon catabolite repression and de-repression in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.