Table 3 Meta-analysis results for ratios of means and mean differences in anthropometric and body composition parameters after 3 months of GLP-1 RA therapy.

Chen et al. [31]

Dulaglutide

0.96

0.02

0.92

1.00

0.054

100.00

Gao et al. [54]

Beinaglutide

0.90

0.01

0.89

0.91

< 0.001^*

100.00

Jensterle et al. [55]

Liraglutide

0.96

0.04

0.89

1.04

0.364

23.05

Li et al. [58]

0.94

0.03

0.88

1.01

0.107

28.65

Munoz et al. [24]

0.94

0.04

0.86

1.03

0.222

16.87

Yu et al. [23]

0.96

0.03

0.90

1.03

0.293

31.43

0.96

0.02

0.92

0.99

0.017*

100.00

Volpe et al. [29]

Semaglutide

0.96

0.01

0.95

0.97

<0.001*

49.35

Volpe et al. [66]

0.92

0.00

0.92

0.93

<0.001*

50.65

0.94

0.02

0.91

0.98

<0.001*

100.00

Summary (random effects)

0.91

0.01

0.90

0.93

<0.001*

Intergroup comparison

0.001*

Egger’s test

0.504

Chen et al. [31]

Dulaglutide

−1.20

0.16

−1.51

−0.89

<0.001*

100.00

Gao et al. [54]

Beinaglutide

−3.10

0.04

−3.18

−3.02

<0.001*

100.00

Jensterle et al. [55]

Liraglutide

−1.40

0.38

−2.15

−0.65

<0.001*

24.33

Li et al. [58]

−1.80

0.30

−2.39

−1.21

<0.001*

27.98

Munoz et al. [24]

−2.99

0.55

−4.06

−1.92

<0.001*

17.90

Yu et al. [23]

−1.15

0.26

−1.66

−0.64

<0.001*

29.80

−1.72

0.32

−2.36

−1.09

<0.001*

100.00

Uchiyama et al. [65]

Semaglutide

−0.80

0.06

−0.92

−0.68

<0.001*

33.66

Volpe et al. [29]

−1.10

0.05

−1.19

−1.01

<0.001*

33.77

Volpe et al. [66]

−3.05

0.15

−3.33

−2.77

<0.001*

32.57

−1.63

0.42

−2.45

−0.82

<0.001*

100.00

Summary (random effects)

−2.96

0.04

−3.03

−2.88

<0.001*

Intergroup comparison

<0.001*

Egger’s test

0.703

Gao et al. [54]

Beinaglutide

−10.2

0.1

−10.5

−9.9

<0.001*

100.00

Jensterle et al. [55]

Liraglutide

−3.4

1.0

−5.4

−1.4

<0.001*

20.41

Li et al. [58]

−3.0

0.7

−4.4

−1.6

<0.001*

38.57

Yu et al. [23]

−3.4

0.7

−4.8

−2.1

<0.001*

41.02

−3.3

0.5

−4.2

−2.4

<0.001*

100.00

Volpe et al. [29]

Semaglutide

−3.1

0.1

−3.3

−2.9

<0.001*

50.16

Volpe et al. [66]

−6.3

0.2

−6.7

−5.9

<0.001*

49.84

−4.7

1.6

−7.9

−1.6

0.004*

100.00

Summary (random effects)

−9.6

0.1

−9.9

−9.4

<0.001*

Intergroup comparison

<0.001*

Egger’s test

0.949

Chen et al. [31]

Dulaglutide

0.87

0.04

0.79

0.96

0.006*

100.00

Gao et al. [54]

Beinaglutide

0.83

0.01

0.81

0.84

<0.001*

100.00

Li et al. [58]

Liraglutide

0.89

0.08

0.75

1.05

0.159

17.08

Munoz et al. [24]

0.94

0.05

0.85

1.03

0.202

51.64

Yu et al. [23]

0.94

0.06

0.84

1.07

0.356

31.28

0.93

0.03

0.87

1.00

0.044*

100.00

Uchiyama et al. [65]

Semaglutide

0.95

0.02

0.92

0.98

<0.001*

49.50

Volpe et al. [29]

0.84

0.01

0.83

0.86

<0.001*

50.50

0.89

0.05

0.80

1.00

0.050

100.00

Summary (random effects)

0.83

0.01

0.82

0.85

<0.001*

Intergroup comparison

0.004*

Egger’s test

0.237

Chen et al. [31]

Dulaglutide

0.99

0.03

0.94

1.04

0.651

100.00

Gao et al. [54]

Beinaglutide

0.97

0.01

0.95

0.99

0.003*

100.00

Li et al. [58]

Liraglutide

0.97

0.04

0.90

1.05

0.475

100.00

Uchiyama et al. [65]

Semaglutide

0.99

0.01

0.97

1.01

0.463

100.00

Summary (random effects)

0.98

0.01

0.97

0.99

0.004*

Intergroup comparison

0.587

Egger’s test

0.841

Chen et al. [31]

Dulaglutide

−28.30

2.06

−32.34

−24.26

<0.001*

100.00

Gao et al. [54]

Beinaglutide

−29.60

0.51

−30.60

−28.60

<0.001*

100.00

Jensterle et al. [55]

Liraglutide

−10.30

4.19

−18.52

−2.08

0.014*

29.81

Munoz et al. [24]

6.00

2.87

0.37

11.63

0.037*

33.85

Yu et al. [23]

−7.10

1.87

−10.77

−3.43

<0.001*

36.34

−3.62

4.83

−13.09

5.85

0.454

100.00

Summary (random effects)

−29.25

0.49

−30.22

−28.28

<0.001*

Intergroup comparison

<0.001*

Egger’s test

0.104