Table 1 Comparison of LODs for detection of different proteins by different transducer platforms

From: Low limit of detection of the AlGaN/GaN-based sensor by the Kelvin connection detection technique

Transducer

Bioprobe

Target molecule

LOD

Refs.

AlGaN/GaN

Anti-BNP on microbeads

BNP

97 fg/mL

This work

Screen-printed carbon electrodes

Peroxidase-labeled BNP antibodies on gold nanoparticles

BNP

4 pg/mL

33

Silver disk electrode

Acetylcholinesterase-labeled anti-BNP antibodies

BNP

10 ng/mL

34

AlGaN/GaN HEMT

NT-proBNP specific aptamer

NT-proBNP

0.22 ng/mL

35

AlGaN/GaN HEMT

FHC antibody

Protein–peptide

56.7 ng/mL

38

AlGaN/GaN HEMT

Botulinum antibody

Botulinum toxin

1 ng/mL

39

AlGaN/GaN HEMT

Anti-NT-proBNP

NT-proBNP

181 pg/mL

40

Graphene

Human anti-EGP

EGP

1 ng/mL

36

Silicon nanowire

Anti-APOA1

hAPOA1

1 ng/mL

37