Table 2 Characteristics of participants according to sex-specific quintiles of loadings of principal component 1 (overall adiposity) in EPICa.

From: Body shape phenotypes of multiple anthropometric traits and cancer risk: a multi-national cohort study

 

Men (n = 118,218)

Women (n = 221,934)

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5

 

Mean (SD) or %

Mean (SD) or %

No. (%)

23,764 (20.1)

23,393 (19.8)

23,971 (20.3)

23,570 (19.9)

23,520 (19.9)

44,781 (20.2)

44,356 (20.0)

43,827 (19.7)

44,628 (20.1)

44,342 (20.0)

Age at recruitment (years)

53.8 (10.0)

52.9 (9.8)

52.3 (9.7)

52.2 (9.5)

52.6 (9.0)

51.5 (10.3)

50.0 (10.7)

49.9 (11.0)

50.9 (10.7)

52.1 (9.7)

Median follow-up time (years)

15.2

15.5

15.5

15.5

15.1

15.3

15.3

15.4

15.3

15.2

Anthropometric variables

 Weight (kg)

67.3 (5.7)

74.7 (4.6)

79.7 (4.6)

85.5 (4.8)

97.6 (9.6)

54.1 (4.8)

59.8 (4.5)

64.3 (4.6)

69.9 (5.1)

83.1 (10.5)

 Height (kg)

172.0 (7.0)

173.8 (6.9)

175.0 (6.8)

176.0 (7.0)

177.3 (7.2)

160.2 (6.2)

161.9 (6.4)

162.6 (6.6)

162.8 (6.9)

162.6 (6.9)

 Body mass index (kg/m2)

22.8 (2.0)

24.8 (1.9)

26.1 (1.9)

27.7 (2.0)

31.1 (3.2)

21.1 (1.9)

22.9 (2.0)

24.4 (2.2)

26.5 (2.4)

31.5 (4.2)

 Waist circumference (cm)

83.2 (5.8)

89.6 (4.9)

93.5 (5.0)

98.0 (5.3)

107.5 (8.1)

68.9 (4.8)

73.6 (5.2)

77.6 (5.8)

83.1 (6.4)

95.0 (9.7)

 Hip circumference (cm)

93.9 (4.4)

97.9 (3.8)

100.2 (3.9)

102.8 (4.2)

108.5 (6.6)

92.1 (4.8)

96.2 (4.6)

99.3 (4.8)

103.1 (5.3)

112.4 (8.8)

 Waist-to-hip ratio

0.9 (0.1)

0.9 (0.1)

0.9 (0.1)

1.0 (0.1)

1.0 (0.1)

0.7 (0.0)

0.8 (0.1)

0.8 (0.1)

0.8 (0.1)

0.8 (0.1)

Mediterranean Diet Score (%)b

 Low

35.1

32.5

32.5

34.8

40.6

24.1

21.4

21.4

23.3

28.2

 Medium

41.9

43.2

42.7

42.2

41.4

45.8

45.4

45.0

45.3

45.2

 High

23.0

24.3

24.8

23.0

18.1

30.2

33.2

33.6

31.4

26.6

Highest school level (%)

 None

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.7

3.3

2.8

3.4

4.2

5.7

7.7

 Primary school completed

27.2

26.6

27.9

30.1

32.9

23.5

22.2

23.5

27.3

32.9

 Technical/professional school

24.6

25.1

24.5

25.3

26.8

27.0

25.3

24.8

24.6

25.5

 Secondary school

12.3

12.1

12.0

11.8

10.9

18.5

18.8

18.7

17.6

14.7

 Longer education (incl. University degree)

30.3

30.5

29.6

26.8

23.7

25.2

26.5

24.8

20.8

15.6

 Not specified

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.9

3.8

3.9

4.0

3.7

Physical activity (%)c

 Inactive

16.0

15.8

16.0

17.6

21.4

21.3

20.0

21.0

24.1

29.6

 Moderately inactive

29.3

30.6

31.6

31.6

31.6

35.1

35.8

36.0

35.4

34.2

 Moderately active

24.1

24.7

24.0

24.0

22.3

23.0

24.0

23.5

22.0

19.5

 Active

28.1

26.9

26.5

25.1

23.0

19.3

18.8

18.2

17.2

15.4

 Unknown

2.5

2.1

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.3

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

Smoking status (%)

 Never

33.9

33.2

32.6

30.0

27.4

51.7

55.5

56.3

56.9

56.8

 Former

30.9

36.7

38.7

41.4

43.9

22.4

23.7

24.1

24.4

24.8

 Current

34.8

29.6

28.3

28.1

28.3

25.4

20.1

18.9

18.1

17.8

 Unknown

0.4

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.6

Alcohol intake (g/day)

20 (22)

21 (22)

22 (23)

23 (23)

24 (27)

9 (12)

9 (12)

9 (12)

9 (12)

8 (12)

  1. EPIC European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
  2. aSex-specific quintiles of loadings of principal component 1 were defined by their distribution (20th quantile, 40th quantile, 60th quantile, 80th quantile); for men: 20th quantile = −0.73, 40th quantile = −0.27, 60th quantile = 0.16, 80th quantile = 0.71; for women: 20th quantile = −0.82, 40th quantile = −0.37, 60th quantile = 0.07, 80th quantile = 0.72.
  3. bAdherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern, based on nine dietary components: intake of fruits and nuts, vegetables, legumes, cereals, lipids, fish, dairy and meat products, and alcohol [39].
  4. cPhysical activity is defined according to the Cambridge physical activity index [40].
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