Fig. 2
From: Tumor extracellular vesicles mediate anti-PD-L1 therapy resistance by decoying anti-PD-L1
TEVs impair αPD-L1-induced CD8+ T-cell proliferation by decoying αPD-L1. a, b CFSE-labeled CD8+ T cells were stimulated with 2 μg ml−1 anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 for 24 h and then coincubated with 5 × 104 MC38 (a) or PC3 (b) cells, αPD-L1CV with or without the indicated doses of MC38-EVs (a) or PC3-EVs (b) in 200 μl of medium for 48 h. Then, the CFSE dilution was measured by flow cytometry. c–e CFSE-labeled CD8+ T cells were stimulated with 2 μg ml-1 anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 for 24 h and then coincubated with 5 × 104 MC38 (c, d) or PC3 (e) cells, αPD-L1CV (c) or αPD-L1Exe (d, e) with or without 2.5 μg of MC38 Pdl1−/−-EVs (c), MC38-EVs (d) or PC3-EVs (e) in 200 μl of medium for 48 h. Then, the CFSE dilution was measured by flow cytometry. Representative results from three independent experiments are shown (n = 3). ***P < 0.001 (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test; mean and s.d.)
