Fig. 3: Enrichment of ascr#10 and ascr#1 derivatives in males.
a Developmental stage-dependent production of ascr#10 (2) in WT (purple) and him-5 (light blue) exo-metabolome extracts (left) and cumulative production of ascr#10 by WT and him-5 from the L1 larval stage through day 4 of adulthood (right). Data represent two or three biologically independent experiments, and error bars represent mean ± s.e.m. P values were calculated via two-sided Welch t tests. b Abundance of ascr#10 in germline mutants (left) and intestinally masculinized Pnhx-2::fem-3 animals (right) relative to WT. Data represent three to six biologically independent experiments, and error bars represent mean ± s.e.m. P values were calculated via two-sided Welch t tests. c, d Chemical structures (c) and relative abundances (d) of male-enriched C7-sidechain ascaroside derivatives in extracts of the exo- (ascr#1, phascr#11, glas#1, glos#1, ascr#801, and dasc#13) and endo-metabolomes (glas#11, glos#11, anglas#2, and tyglas#1) of WT (purple) and him-5 (light blue) animals. e Developmental stage-dependent production of ascaroside-derived metabolites shown in (c) in him-5 animals. Data represent three independent biological replicates, except for two independent biological replicates for day 7. f Abundances of C7-sidechain ascaroside derivatives in extracts of germline mutants fem-2(lf) (light pink), fem-3 (gf) (blue), and glp-4 (gray) relative to WT (purple). d, f Data represent four or six biologically independent experiments, and error bars represent mean ±  s.e.m. P values were calculated by unpaired, two-sided Welch t test with Holm–ŠÃdák correction; ns not significant. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
