Extended Data Fig. 3: Predicted parallel metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of cannabinoids and other terpenophenols present in H. umbraculigerum. | Nature Plants

Extended Data Fig. 3: Predicted parallel metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of cannabinoids and other terpenophenols present in H. umbraculigerum.

From: Parallel evolution of cannabinoid biosynthesis

Extended Data Fig. 3: Predicted parallel metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of cannabinoids and other terpenophenols present in H. umbraculigerum.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

The predicted types of enzymes catalyzing each reaction are marked by 1–8. Additional functional groups and rearrangements include hydroxylation, double bond isomerization or reduction, cyclization and others. Alkyl chains can be linear/branched with one to seven carbons length; AAE, acyl activating enzyme; PKS, type III polyketide synthase; PKC, polyketide cyclase; PT, prenyl-transferase; UGT, uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase; AAT, alcohol acyl transferase; DBR, double bond reductase; CHI, chalcone isomerase. The active enzymes identified in this study are marked by their names. CoAT, acyl-CoA-transferase; TKS, tetraketide synthase; CBGAS, cannabigerolic acid synthase; OAGT, olivetolic acid UGT; CBGT, cannabinoid UGT; CBAT, cannabinoid acyl-transferase.

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