Extended Data Fig. 10: Complementary assay of NSP1s and NSP13KR mutant, monoubiqutination specificity assay of NSP1a by BTSs.

a, Nodulation phenotype of transgenic soybean hairy roots in wild-type Wm82 and nsp1a-1 heterologously expressing UBIpro:MtNSP1WT–4×MYC, UBIpro:LjNSP1WT–4×MYC, UBIpro:MtNSP13KR–4×MYC or UBIpro:LjNSP13KR–4×MYC constructs. Nodules were harvested at 28 DAI. Scar bars = 2 cm. The experiments were repeated for three times with similar results. b, In vivo ubiquitination assay of NSP1a by AtBTS. Proteins extracted from tobacco leaves transiently transformed with (+) or without (–) 35Spro:NSP1a–3×FLAG, 35Spro:UBQ–6×MYC, UBIpro:BTSa–3×HA, UBIpro:AtBTSa–3×HA and empty vectors. Anti-MYC agarose was used for immunoprecipitation. The experiment was repeated for three times with similar results. c, Co-IP assay to test the interaction of AtBTSa–3×HA and NSP1a–3×FLAG or NSP2a–3×FLAG in N. benthamiana leaves. Protein was immunoprecipitated with HA antibody-bound agarose beads, immunoprecipitated proteins were analyzed using anti-FLAG and anti-HA antibodies. The experiments were repeated for three times with similar results.