Extended Data Fig. 5: The distribution of CX3CR1⁺ LPAMs and T_reg cells at portal area.

(a) Immunofluorescence imaging of the liver portal area stained with DAPI (blue), MHC-II (magenta), CD3 (yellow), and the CX3CR1⁺ cells in green. Scale bar, 100 µm. The data in the white and yellow box were enlarged. Scale bars, 20 μm and 5 µm. (b) Immunofluorescence imaging of the liver portal area stained with an antibody specific for CD4 (magenta). CX3CR1⁺ cells in green. Scale bars, 100 µm. (c) Immunofluorescence imaging of liver sections stained with antibodies specific for F4/80 (red) and MHC-II (blue). Foxp3⁺ cells in green. Scale bars, 20 µm. (d) The 3D confocal imaging of a CUBIC-cleared liver section from a Foxp3^GFP/+ mouse. Foxp3⁺ cells in green and Foxp3⁺ cells around PV in magenta. Scale bars, 200 µm. (e) The distribution of CX3CR1⁺ cells was detected by immunofluorescence. The CX3CR1⁺ cells in green, F4/80 in red, MHCII in white, CD63 in magenta. Scale bars, 30 µm. The imaging data in a-e were from representative experiments. (f-g) Percentage of the MHCII⁺ population in the CX3CR1⁺F4/80⁺CD63⁺ cells (f) as well as the percentage of mature LPAMs (CX3CR1⁺F4/80⁺MHC-II⁺CD63⁺) in live NPCs (g) from Cx3cr1^GFP/+ mice at different weeks after birth. The data were pooled from three experiments, n = 5 (day 0), n = 3 (day 42), n = 4 in other days. Means ± SD in f, and means ± SEM in g, two-tailed unpaired t-test.

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