Figure 1

UL31 accumulates at sites of laser microirradiation-induced DNA-damage. (A) Representative images of live HeLa cells transfected with EGFP or EGFP-UL31 expression plasmids immediately before (Pre), immediately after (Post), and 30 seconds after the areas indicated by the arrowheads were microirradiated with a 405 nm laser using an Olympus FV1000 laser-scanning confocal microscope. The graphs display quantitation of the average fluorescence intensity of the microirradiated area (Bleach), as well as control distal areas (Control), over time for n = 20 cells in four independent experiments for EGFP-UL31 and for n = 22 cells in three independent experiments for EGFP. Error bars are standard error of the mean. (B) Images of a live HeLa cell transfected with EGFP-UL31 on grid-bottom dishes immediately before, and immediately after the indicated area (white circle) was microirradiated with a 405 nm laser using an Olympus FV1000 laser-scanning confocal microscope (Live). Cells were immediately fixed and stained with anti-γH2AX antibody followed by staining with Alexa 568 conjugated donkey anti-mouse secondary antibody. Microirradiated cells were relocated and images captured by confocal microscopy (Fixed). Image is representative of n = 8 cells analyzed in two independent experiments.