Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: A causative role for periarticular skeletal muscle weakness in the progression of joint damage and pain in OA

Figure 3The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Inflammatory response in skeletal muscle after DMM. (A) and (B) Representative images from H&E-stained sections of the TA (A) and quadriceps (B) muscles at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. For each muscle, inflammatory cell infiltration (box) is shown as a magnified image in the lower panels. Scale bars = 50 μm. (C) and (D) Total RNA was extracted from the TA (C) and quadriceps (D) muscles at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively; the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 mRNA were analyzed using real-time qRT-PCR. Data are normalized to the expression of GAPDH mRNA and shown as means ± SEMs of duplicate experiments from 3–5 animals. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 according to one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test for MCP-1 (TA, quadriceps), IL-1β, and IL-6 (quadriceps) and according to the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test for IL-1β and IL-6 (TA).

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