Table 1 Baseline characteristics of male study participants.

From: The association between weight-adjusted-waist index and sarcopenia in adults: a population-based study

Characteristics

Overall

Non-sarcopenia

Sarcopenia

P value

N

13415

11766

1649(12.29%)

 < 0.001

 20–39 years

5675

5325

350(6.17%)

 < 0.001

 40–59 years

5213

4675

538(10.32%)

 < 0.001

 ≥ 60 years

2527

1766

761(30.11%)

 < 0.001

WWI (cm/√kg)

10.73 ± 0.78

10.60 ± 0.71

11.69 ± 0.54

 < 0.001

Age (years)

44.66 ± 16.41

43.06 ± 15.55

56.06 ± 17.79

 < 0.001

Race/ethnicity, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Non-Hispanic White

5873(43.66%)

5181 (44.03%)

676 (40.99%)

 

 Non-Hispanic Black

2739(20.42%)

2672 (22.71%)

67 (4.06%)

 

 Mexican American

2620(19.53%)

1997 (16.97%)

623 (37.78%)

 

 Other race

2199(16.39%)

1916 (16.28%)

283 (17.16%)

 

Education level, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Less than high school

3662(27.29%)

2939 (24.98%)

723 (43.84%)

 

 High school

3183(23.73%)

2788 (23.70%)

395 (23.95%)

 

 More than high school

6570(48.98%)

6039 (51.33%)

531 (32.20%)

 

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

28.13 ± 5.65

27.67 ± 5.35

31.41 ± 6.58

 < 0.001

Intake of Energy (kcal/day)

2460.27 ± 992.66

2517.61 ± 1002.29

2051.14 ± 811.07

 < 0.001

Intake of Protein (gm/day)

95.79 ± 43.09

97.77 ± 43.63

81.68 ± 35.97

 < 0.001

albumin (mg/L)

55.30 ± 450.59

51.85 ± 451.59

79.97 ± 442.66

 < 0.001

creatinine (umol/L)

13219.54 ± 7692.18

13483.83 ± 7823.74

11333.74 ± 6369.85

 < 0.001

total cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.08 ± 1.08

5.06 ± 1.07

5.22 ± 1.13

 < 0.001

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.23 ± 0.35

1.24 ± 0.35

1.17 ± 0.32

 < 0.001

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

3.08 ± 0.61

3.08 ± 0.61

3.09 ± 0.59

0.168

triglyceride (mmol/L)

1.70 ± 1.14

1.68 ± 1.04

1.89 ± 1.65

 < 0.001

Smoking status, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Yes

7332(53.91%)

6249 (53.11%)

983 (59.61%)

 

 No

6183(46.09%)

5517 (46.89%)

666 (40.39%)

 

Alcohol status, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Yes

11022(82.16%)

9740 (82.78%)

1282 (77.74%)

 

 No

2393(17.84%)

2026 (17.22%)

367 (22.26%)

 

Hypertension, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Yes

4727(35.24%)

3856 (32.77%)

871 (52.82%)

 

 No

8688(64.76%)

7910 (67.23%)

778 (47.18%)

 

Diabetes, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Yes

1647(12.28%)

1221 (10.38%)

426 (25.83%)

 

 No

11768(87.72%)

10545 (89.62%)

1223 (74.17%)

 
  1. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± SD, and the P value was derived using a linear regression model. Categorical variables were presented as percentages, and the P value was derived through a weighted chi-square test. WWI weight-adjusted-waist index, HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein.
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