Table 2 Baseline characteristics of female study participants.

From: The association between weight-adjusted-waist index and sarcopenia in adults: a population-based study

Characteristics

Overall

Non-sarcopenia

Sarcopenia

P-value

N

13367

11853

1514(11.33%)

 < 0.001

 20–39 years

5320

5038

282(5.30%)

0.002

 40–59 years

5463

4857

606(11.09%)

 < 0.001

 ≥ 60 years

2584

1958

626(24.23%)

 < 0.001

WWI (cm/√kg)

11.03 ± 0.85

10.92 ± 0.80

11.87 ± 0.74

 < 0.001

Age (years)

45.34 ± 16.34

44.03 ± 15.82

55.56 ± 16.75

 < 0.001

Race/ethnicity, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Non-Hispanic White

5717(42.77%)

5188 (43.77%)

529 (34.94%)

 

 Non-Hispanic Black

2854(21.35%)

2777 (23.43%)

77 (5.09%)

 

 Mexican American

2566(19.20%)

1889 (15.94%)

677 (44.72%)

 

 Other race

2230(16.68%)

1999 (16.86%)

231 (15.26%)

 

Education level, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Less than high school

3256(24.36%)

2554 (21.55%)

702 (46.37%)

 

 High school

2963(22.17%)

2629 (22.18%)

334 (22.06%)

 

 More than high school

7148(53.47%)

6670 (56.27%)

478 (31.57%)

 

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

29.00 ± 7.17

28.49 ± 7.00

33.00 ± 7.22

 < 0.001

Intake of Energy (kcal/day)

1779.63 ± 682.38

1807.34 ± 685.36

1562.62 ± 617.20

 < 0.001

Intake of Protein (gm/day)

68.33 ± 29.17

69.14 ± 29.39

62.01 ± 26.63

 < 0.001

albumin (mg/L)

37.68 ± 285.7

34.48 ± 249.38

62.71 ± 481.70

 < 0.001

creatinine (umol/L)

9949.59 ± 6819.03

10121.46 ± 6911.51

8604.05 ± 5877.07

 < 0.001

total cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.12 ± 1.05

5.10 ± 1.04

5.33 ± 1.08

 < 0.001

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.47 ± 0.40

1.48 ± 0.41

1.40 ± 0.35

 < 0.001

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

3.00 ± 0.60

2.99 ± 0.60

3.08 ± 0.62

 < 0.001

triglyceride (mmol/L)

1.39 ± 0.80

1.36 ± 0.80

1.56 ± 0.79

 < 0.001

Smoking status, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Yes

4842(36.22%)

4378 (36.94%)

464 (30.65%)

 

 No

8525(63.78%)

7475 (63.06%)

1050 (69.35%)

 

Alcohol status, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Yes

8320(62.24%)

7582 (63.97%)

738 (48.75%)

 

 No

5047(37.76%)

4271 (36.03%)

776 (51.25%)

 

Hypertension, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Yes

4741(35.47%)

3920 (33.07%)

821 (54.23%)

 

 No

8626(64.53%)

7933 (66.93%)

693 (45.77%)

 

Diabetes, N (%)

   

 < 0.001

 Yes

1640(12.27%)

1273 (10.74%)

367 (24.24%)

 

 No

11727(87.73%)

10580 (89.26%)

1147 (75.76%)

 
  1. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± SD, and the P value was derived using a linear regression model. Categorical variables were presented as percentages, and the P value was derived through a weighted chi-square test. WWI weight-adjusted-waist index, HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein.
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