Fig. 4
From: Gastrointestinal absorption and its regulation of hawthorn leaves flavonoids
\(\:{k}_{a}^{app}\), A and Papp of GLV, RHV, VIT, RUT and HP in HLF in the absence and presence of absorption enhancers and P-gp inhibitors by the rat in situ recirculating intestinal perfusion, respectively. (A-C) Absorption enhancers (CBS and SDS). (D-F) P-gp inhibitors (VP and DIG). Concentration of HLF in the perfusion solution were all 0.1 mg·mL−1. The perfusion volume of HLF solution were all 100 mL. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 compared to Control group; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 and ###p < 0.001 compared to CBS or VP group. CBS, cow bile salt; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate; VP, verapamil hydrochloride; DIG, digoxin. Data are represented as mean ± SD, n = 5.
