Figure 1

Flow diagram of the SEIHRD model for Cholera transmission dynamics, illustrating the transitions among the Susceptible \((\mathbb {S})\), Exposed \((\mathbb {E})\), Infected \((\mathbb {I})\), Hospitalized \((\mathbb {H})\), Recovered \((\mathbb {R})\), and Deceased \((\mathbb {D})\) compartments with all relevant parameters.