Table 8 Losses of BTO, CAO, DEA and SOA for 85-bus RDS with PV (Case 3) under PEM scenarios.

From: A barrel theory-based optimization of stochastic PV-DG integration in radial distribution networks under load and solar uncertainties

Scenarios

BTO

CAO

DEA

SOA

1

26.5118

23.68697

26.64647

22.92473

2

53.599

55.51841

55.58845

54.99707

3

71.7674

75.41986

75.15859

74.55796

4

20.6391

21.61687

21.80656

21.11702

5

35.5409

37.47067

37.50871

36.84559

  1. In addition to loss minimization, voltage quality is significantly enhanced through PV-DG integration. To quantitatively assess voltage regulation performance, a system voltage deviation indicator (\(\:V{D}^{\left(s\right)}\)) for each scenario (s) is evaluated via the following equation:
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