Fig. 2: Ural Blocking (UB) event characteristics under positive Arctic Oscillation (AO) regimes.

a–c UB events identified during strong positive AO (SPAO; 18 events): a spatial distribution of blocking events, b histogram of blocking duration (days), and c histogram of blocking intensity measured as 500-hPa geopotential height (GPH) anomaly (gpm). d–f Same as (a–c), but for weak positive AO (WPAO; 15 events).