Fig. 5: Analysis of cold tongue dynamics.
From: Pan-Atlantic decadal climate oscillation linked to ocean circulation
a Monthly ΔH time series and (b) spectrum (thick, solid curve); associated first-order autoregressive curve (thin, solid curve) and the 95% confidence bounds (thin, dashed curves). c Coherence (left axis) and phase lag (right axis) between annual ΔH and Atlantic Niño index. The dashed horizontal line denotes 95% confidence level for spectral coherence. The ΔH leads at positive lags whereas Atlantic Niño leads at negative lags. The vertical bar in both panels shows the 10–15 year period band.
