Fig. 1: Morphological characteristics and urban heat island intensity of 722 urban stations.
From: Urbanization brings earlier onset of summertime compound heatwaves

Spatial distributions of (a) mean building height, (b) mean building volume, (c) mean urban fraction and (d) urban heat island intensity. Urban height and volume refer to the average height of buildings and the total building volume per square kilometer, while urban fraction is the fraction of artificial impervious surface. Urban heat island intensity is the mean difference of daily maximum and minimum air temperature between the urban station and its paired rural station.