A Double-walled Vessel for the Distillation of Highly Inflammable Liquids

Abstract

THE apparatus described below¹ provides a safe means of distilling or refluxing highly inflammable liquids. It has the added advantages of heat economy and the avoidance of bumping. The inner portion A of a double-walled vessel (Fig. 1) contains the liquid to be distilled or refluxed, C, and is connected by joint G to a condenser in the appropriate position. The outer portion B is connected to a reflux condenser E and contains, therefore, only a small amount of inert non-inflammable heating liquid D, with a boiling point slightly in excess of that of C. In view of the enclosed nature of the heating bath, a surprisingly small external heat source suffices, and very even heating of the entire vessel A occurs with little bumping.