Abstract
The proportion of male to female births increases during and shortly after periods of war1,2. We show that the age difference between parents (age of husband−age of wife) predicts the sex of the first child. We also find that in England and Wales, the mean spouse age difference increased during and immediately after the two World Wars and was strongly correlated with the sex ratio during the period 1911-52.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 51 print issues and online access
$199.00 per year
only $3.90 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on SpringerLink
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

References
Martin, W. J. Lancet 1, 807 (1943).
MacMahon, B. & Pugh, T. F. J. Hum. Genet. 6, 284–292 (1954).
Bromwich, P. Prog. Obstet. Gynaecol. 7, 217–231 (1989).
The Registrar General's Statistical Review of England and Wales, Part II Civil (HMSO, London, 1921-1952).
Clutton-Brock, T. H. & Iason, G. R. Q. Rev. Biol. 61, 339–374 (1986).
Kenrick, D. T. & Keefe, R. C. Behav. Brain Sci. 15, 75–133 (1992).
Mueller, U. Nature. 363, 490 (1993).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Manning, J., Anderton, R. & Shutt, M. Parental age gap skews child sex ratio. Nature 389, 344 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1038/38647
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/38647
This article is cited by
-
Factors influencing sex ratio at birth in Krosno, Poland
Scientific Reports (2024)
-
Sex ratio at birth: scenario from normal- and high-level natural radiation areas of Kerala coast in south-west India
Radiation and Environmental Biophysics (2015)
-
Sex ratio unaffected by parental age gap
Nature (1997)