Viable, apoptotic and necrotic monocytes expose phosphatidylserine: cooperative binding of the ligand Annexin V to dying but not viable cells and implications for PS-dependent clearance

Dear Editor,

An enigma exists with respect to the recognition and phagocytosis of phosphatidylserine (PS)-exposing cells. Vital PS-exposing cells (e.g. activated B cells^{1, 2} or neutrophils in Barth syndrome)³ are swallowed neither by amateur nor professional phagocytes. In this letter, we show that a restricted lateral mobility of PS in the plasma membrane might be responsible for this.

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