Log in or create a free account to read this content
Gain free access to this article, as well as selected content from this journal and more on nature.com
or
References
Mansour AM, Walsh JB, Henkind P . Arteriovenous anastamoses of the retina. Ophthalmology 1987; 94: 35–40.
Archer DB, Deutman A, Ernest JT, Krill AE . Arteriovenous communications of the retina. Am J Ophthalmol 1973; 75: 224–241.
Gass JDM . Stereoscopic Atlas of Macular Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Vol. 1. Mosby: St Louis, 1997; pp 440–442.
Nikoskelainen E, Hoyt WF, Nummelin K, Schatz H . Fundus findings in Leber's hereditary optic neuroretinopathy III. Fluorescein angiographic studies. Arch Ophthalmol 1984; 102(7): 981–989.
Nikoskelainen E, Hoyt WF, Nummelin K . Ophthalmoscopic findings in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. II. The fundus findings in the affected family members. Arch Ophthalmol 1983; 101(7): 1059–1068.
Chalmers RM, Schapira AH . Clinical, biochemical and molecular genetic features of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Biochem Biophys Acta 1999; 1410(2): 147–158.
Webster AR, Maher ER, Bird AC, Gregor ZJ, Moore AT . A clinical and molecular genetic analysis of solitary ocular angioma. Ophthalmology 1999; 106(3): 623–629.
Gass JDM . Stereoscopic Atlas of Macular Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Vol. 2. Mosby: St Louis, 1997, pp 850–857.
Kushner MS, Jampol LM, Haller JA . Cavernous hemangioma of the optic nerve. Retina 1994; 14: 359–361.
Acknowledgements
We acknowledge Dr PJS Dunn of the Department of Histopathology, Worcester Royal Infirmary; Dr John Harry of the Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre and the Medical Illustration Department of City Hospital; and Birmingham Midland Eye Centre, City Hospital for medical illustration.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chatterjee, S., Hope-Ross, M., Clark, I. et al. A rare and unusual congenital arteriovenous communication of the retina. Eye 18, 74–75 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.6700375
Published:
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.6700375
