Abstract
Lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) is a rare autosomal inherited disease caused by defective cationic aminoacid transport 4F2hc/y+LAT-1 at the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells in the intestine and kidney. LPI is a multisystemic disease with a variety of clinical symptoms such as hepatosplenomegaly, osteoporosis, hypotonia, developmental delay, pulmonary insufficiency or end-stage renal disease. The SLC7A7 gene, which encodes the y+LAT-1 protein, is mutated in LPI patients. Mutation analysis of the promoter localized in intron 1 and all exons of the SLC7A7 gene was performed in 11 patients from 9 unrelated LPI families. Point mutation screening was performed by exon direct sequencing and a new multiplex ligation probe amplification (MLPA) assay was set up for large rearrangement analysis. Eleven SLC7A7-specific mutations were identified, seven of them were novel: p.L124P, p.C425R, p.R468X, p.Y274fsX21, c.625+1G>C, DelE4-E11 and DelE6-E11. The novel large deletions originated by the recombination of Alu repeats at introns 3 and 5, respectively, with the same AluY sequence localized at the SLC7A7 3′ region. The novel MLPA assay is robust and valuable for LPI molecular diagnosis. Our results suggest that genomic rearrangements of SLC7A7 play a more important role in LPI than has been reported, increasing the detection rate from 5.1 to 21.4%. Moreover, the 3′ region AluY repeat could be a recombination hot spot as it is involved in 38% of all SLC7A7 rearranged chromosomes described so far.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Helena Kruyer for editorial help. The samples and clinical information were kindly provided by Dr Lambruschini, Hospital General de Granollers, Spain; Dr Gómez and Dr Vilaseca, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona, Spain; Dr Gutiérrez Junquera and Dr Vilaseca, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Spain; Dr Peña Quintana, Hospital Universitario Materno-Infantil de Canarias, Spain; Dr Antonio Baldellou, Hospital Infantil Miguel Servet de Zaragoza, Spain; Dr Quitral Cuevas, Valparaíso, Chile; Dr Vianey-Saban, Hôpital de Lyon, France; Drs Michelakakis and Xaidara, Institute of Child Health and University of Athens, Greece. This work was supported by the MEC (BFU2006-14600-C02-01/02/BMC and SAF2003-08940-01/02), EU (EUGINDAT; LSHM-CT-2003-502852) and the Generalitat de Catalunya (2006 SGR00018 and 2005 SGR00947).
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Font-Llitjós, M., Rodríguez-Santiago, B., Espino, M. et al. Novel SLC7A7 large rearrangements in lysinuric protein intolerance patients involving the same AluY repeat. Eur J Hum Genet 17, 71–79 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2008.145
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2008.145
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