Abstract
Purpose
To characterise and differentiate posterior microphthalmos (PM) and nanophthalmos (NO) using morphometric parameters.
Patients and methods
Consecutive case database of patients with hyperopia >+7.00 D sphere was analysed retrospectively for clinical and biometric characterisation. Thirty-eight consecutive high-hyperopic subjects (75 eyes) with axial lengths <20.5 mm underwent uniform comprehensive ocular evaluation. Twenty-five subjects were diagnosed as PM and 13 as NO based on the horizontal corneal diameter. Parameters analysed included visual acuity, refraction, horizontal corneal diameter, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, fundus changes, and associated ocular pathology. Primary outcome measures: ocular biometry difference between PM and NO. Secondary outcome measures: differences in associated ocular pathologies between PM and NO.
Results
Hyperopia ranged from +7 to +17 D and was similar in the two groups. Lens thickness was statistically more in NO than in PM group (4.53±0.75 mm vs 3.82±0.48 mm, P <0.001), whereas anterior chamber depth was more in the PM than in NO group (3.26±0.36 mm, vs 2.59±0.37 mm, P<0.001). NO had higher association with angle-closure glaucoma (66.7% vs 0%) and pigmentary retinopathy (38.5 vs 8.0%) but lesser association with macular folds (0% vs 24%) as compared with PM. NO was associated with poorer visual acuity.
Conclusion
PM and NO have significant differences in lens thickness, anterior chamber depth, prevalence of glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, macular pathology, and visual acuity while being similar in hyperopic refraction.
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Acknowledgements
No external funding support was obtained for the purpose of this study. The study was supported by Hyderabad eye research foundation. There are no financial disclosures to be made. Contribution of authors—design and conduct of the study (SJ); collection (SJ, UM, LB), management (SJ), analysis and interpretation of the data (SJ, NR, HLR); manuscript preparation (SJ, NR, UM, LB, NP), review (SJ, NR, HLR, NP), or approval of the manuscript (SJ, NR, HLR, NP,UM,LB). IRB approval was obtained before the analysis of the data.
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Relhan, N., Jalali, S., Pehre, N. et al. High-hyperopia database, part I: clinical characterisation including morphometric (biometric) differentiation of posterior microphthalmos from nanophthalmos. Eye 30, 120–126 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2015.206
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2015.206
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