Abstract
Purpose
To determine the ability of the newly developed internet-based Spaeth/Richman Contrast Sensitivity (SPARCS) test to assess contrast sensitivity centrally and peripherally in cataract subjects and controls, in comparison with the Pelli–Robson (PR) test.
Methods
In this prospective cross-sectional study, cataract subjects and age-matched normal controls were evaluated using the SPARCS and PR tests. Contrast sensitivity testing was performed in each eye twice in a standardized testing environment in randomized order. SPARCS scores were obtained for central, right upper (RUQ), right lower (RLQ), left upper (LUQ), and left lower quadrants (LLQ). PR scores were obtained for central contrast sensitivity. PR and SPARCS scores in cataract subjects were compared with controls. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland Altman analysis were used to determine test–retest reliability and correlation.
Results
A total of 162 eyes from 84 subjects were analyzed: 43 eyes from 23 cataract subjects, and 119 eyes from 61 controls. The mean scores for SPARCS centrally were 13.4 and 14.5 in the cataract and control groups, respectively (P=0.001). PR mean scores were 1.31 and 1.45 in cataract and control groups, respectively (P<0.001). ICC values for test–retest reliability for cataract subjects were 0.75 for PR and 0.61 for the SPARCS total. There was acceptable agreement between the ability of PR and SPARCS to detect the effect of cataract on central contrast sensitivity.
Conclusions
Both SPARCS and PR demonstrate a significant influence of cataract on contrast sensitivity. SPARCS offers the advantage of determining contrast sensitivity peripherally and centrally, without being influenced by literacy.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Dr Ben Leiby, PhD for contributing to statistical analysis and Dr Michael Waisbourd, MD for his support in manuscript editing and preparation. Commercial Relationships Disclosure: George Spaeth: Consultant for Allergan and Merck. Financial support from Allergan and Merck. Financial support was provided by Pfizer, New York, NY, USA (Grant # WS698663). Glaucoma Service Foundation to Prevent Blindness.
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Competing interests
George Spaeth, Eric Spaeth, and Jesse Richman developed and patented the Spaeth/Richman Contrast Sensitivity test (SPARCS). Eric Spaeth, Patent # 8.042,946; Jesse Richman, MD, Patent # 8.042,946; George L Spaeth, MD, Patent # 8.042,946.
Additional information
This study was presented as a poster at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology in Orlando, FL, USA on May 4, 2014.
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Gupta, L., Cvintal, V., Delvadia, R. et al. SPARCS and Pelli–Robson contrast sensitivity testing in normal controls and patients with cataract. Eye 31, 753–761 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2016.319
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2016.319
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