Figure 4

Modulation of TETs via ascorbic acid and fumarate during adipogenesis. The amount of triglycerides measured by Oil-Red-O staining in sextuplets after adipogenesis with and without ascorbic acid, an activator of TETs, and fumarate, a repressor of TETs (a, e). Pparγ and Fabp4 expression levels, measured by qPCR in triplicates, in adipogenic induced 3T3-L1 cells with ascorbic acid (b) and with fumarate (f). The global 5-hmC level during differentiation measured by GC–MS (c, g) and a locus-specific 5-mC at the Pparγ locus quantified by MassARRAY in duplicates (d, h). The data were analyzed by Student's t-test, and *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 indicate significance between the treated samples versus the NT ones; d0, d3, d6, d9, d12 indicate days after adipogenesis induction. FT, fumarate-treated; NT, nontreated; VT, vitamin C-treated.