Abstract
Although the influence of ozone (O3) on plants has been well studied in agroecosystems, little is known about the effect of elevated O3 (eO3) on soil microbial functional communities. Here, we used a comprehensive functional gene array (GeoChip 3.0) to investigate the functional composition, and structure of rhizosphere microbial communities of Yannong 19 (O3-sensitive) and Yangmai 16 (O3-relatively sensitive) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars under eO3. Compared with ambient O3 (aO3), eO3 led to an increase in soil pH and total carbon (C) percentages in grain and straw of wheat plants, and reduced grain weight and soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Based on GeoChip hybridization signal intensities, although the overall functional structure of rhizosphere microbial communities did not significantly change by eO3 or cultivars, the results showed that the abundance of specific functional genes involved in C fixation and degradation, nitrogen (N) fixation, and sulfite reduction did significantly (P<0.05) alter in response to eO3 and/or wheat cultivars. Also, Yannong 19 appeared to harbor microbial functional communities in the rhizosphere more sensitive in response to eO3 than Yangmai 16. Additionally, canonical correspondence analysis suggested that the functional structure of microbial community involved in C cycling was largely shaped by soil and plant properties including pH, DOC, microbial biomass C, C/N ratio and grain weight. This study provides new insight into our understanding of the influence of eO3 and wheat cultivars on soil microbial communities.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-QN403 and KZCX2-EW-414), the International S&T Cooperation Program of China (Grant No. 2009DFA31110), and the Global Environment Research Fund by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan (Grant No. C-062), and by Oklahoma Applied Research Support (OARS), Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology (OCAST) through the Projects AR062-034 and AR11-035. The GeoChip development and associated computational pipelines used in this study were partially supported by the United States Department of Energy, Biological Systems Research on the Role of Microbial Communities in Carbon Cycling Program (DE-SC0004601).
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Li, X., Deng, Y., Li, Q. et al. Shifts of functional gene representation in wheat rhizosphere microbial communities under elevated ozone. ISME J 7, 660–671 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2012.120
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2012.120
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